数字社会身份管理的现状、问题及对策  

Digital Social Identity Management:Current Status,Problems,and Countermeasures

作　　者：于锐[1] 邓晨 赵洋[1] 陆洪波 邱旭华[1] 冯思琦 Yu Rui;Deng Chen;Zhao Yang;Lu Hongbo;Qiu Xuhua;Feng Siqi(First Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security of PRC,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]公安部第一研究所,北京100048

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2024年第3期207-216,共10页Strategic Study of CAE

基　　金：中国工程院咨询项目“科技创新支撑国家安全体系和能力现代化战略研究”(2022-XBZD-28)。

摘　　要：当前,我国正全面迈入数字社会,对国家数字化管理能力提出新的要求。身份管理作为新时期数字中国建设和社会安全保障的重要基础支撑,直接关系到国家安全、社会安全和个人安全。本文研判了数字身份支撑数字社会管理能力发展面临的主要挑战,剖析了数字身份管理的基本现状与面临的关键问题,提出了构建安全可靠的数字社会身份管理能力发展目标与主要任务,分析了构建中国特色数字身份体系关键技术的发展趋势。研究建议,加强顶层设计、制定实施路线图,完善相关法律法规,构建“中心化管理+分布式认证”混合架构的数字身份管理体系,强化数字身份监管能力,加强参与方规范管理,推动生态合作,积极参与全球治理,以此推动数字身份体系建设,助力数字社会管理行稳致远。Currently,China is undergoing a comprehensive transition toward a digital society,which has placed renewed emphasis on the need for robust national-level digital management capabilities.Identity management serves as a foundational support for the construction of Digital China and social security in the new era,with direct implications for national,social,and individual security.This study explores the major challenges faced by the digital identity system in supporting digital society governance,analyzes the current status and key problems of digital identity management,proposes the development goal and major tasks of building a secure and reliable digital social identity management system,and clarifies the trend of key technologies in establishing a digital identity system with Chinese characteristics.Furthermore,we propose the following suggestions:(1)strengthening top-level design to formulate the development strategy and implementation roadmap of digital identity,(2)improving related laws and regulations,(3)establishing a digital identity management system with a hybrid architecture featuring centralized management and distributed authentication,(4)strengthening digital identity supervision capabilities,(5)enhancing the standard management of participants,(6)fostering ecological cooperation,and(7)actively engaging in global governance,thus to promote the development of the digital identity system and facilitate the long-term and stable development of digital society administration.

关 键 词：数字身份 数字社会 密码学技术 大模型 分布式数字身份 

分 类 号：C3[社会学]