自然资源的法律分类及其物权表达  

LEGAL CLASSIFICATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND EXPRESSION OF REAL RIGHTS

作　　者：赵大为 Zhao Hongfang(译) Zhao Dawei

机构地区：[1]School of Law,Shanxi University [2]不详

出　　处：《China Legal Science》2024年第3期59-87,共29页中国法学（英文版）

摘　　要：自然资源种类多样性和用途复杂性决定了具备科学分类的自然资源资产产权体系是自然资源可持续利用的前提,以用途为导向的自然资源分类是人类利用自然资源的现实基础。法学视角下的自然资源用途分类有别于自然科学视角下的用途分类,应当体现法学特有的权利配置模式。目前我国典型的自然资源法学分类与立法分类,多移植于自然科学的分类模式,无法适配自然资源利用中的法律关系及物权体系的构建。从法律适用的维度对自然资源用途分类,应当实现以“物”为导向向以“权”为导向、自然认识价值向社会利用价值、资源监管向行为监管的转化,将自然资源分为承载类、再生类、掘取类,并将其合法、科学地融入物权体系,找到对应的物权表达方式:地上权、用益权、所有权。The diversity of natural resource types and the complexity of their uses determine that a scientifically classified property right system for natural resource assets is a prerequisite for the sustainable use of natural resources,and a use-oriented natural resource classification is the practical foundation for human utilization of natural resources.The classification of natural resource uses from the legal perspective is different from that of the natural science perspective,and should reflect the unique right allocation mode of law.At present,the typical legal classification and legislative classification of natural resources in China are mostly transplanted from the classification method of natural science,and this classification method cannot adapt to the construction of legal relationship and real right system in the utilization of natural resources.From the perspective of legal application,the classification of natural resource uses should achieve a transformation from object orientation to right orientation,from natural cognitive value to social utilization value,and from resource supervision to behavioral supervision.Natural resources should be classified into carrying,renewable,and extractive resources,and their legal and scientific integration into the real right system should be achieved.Corresponding expressions of real rights should be identified:superficies,rights to usufruct and ownership.

关 键 词：地上权 自然资源利用 用途分类 法学视角 物权 用益权 行为监管 配置模式 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学] D922.3[政治法律—法学]