情境植入视角下英汉SEEM类感知谓词的言据性与认识情态性  

Evidentiality and modality of the SEEM-type predicates in English and Chinese from the contextual implantation perspective

作　　者：王义娜[1] 刘伟乾 Wang Yina;Liu Weiqian

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学外国语学院

出　　处：《西安外国语大学学报》2024年第2期26-31,共6页Journal of Xi’an International Studies University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“情境植入层级建构下的汉英事态限定方式比较研究”(项目编号:20BYY011);北京市社会科学基金研究基地重点项目“认知语法视角下补语事件表征的跨语言研究”(项目编号:17JDYYA003)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：本文基于认知语法的句内/句外情境植入层级,运用多重对应分析对比英汉SEEM类感知谓词“seem/好像/似乎”的使用倾向。研究发现,“seem/好像/似乎”都可视为高层情境植入成分,但其概念原型相互独立,在情态性/言据性的表达取向上差异显著。承担句外情境植入功能时,seem的非人称用法高于汉语,倾向于表达共识推理或传闻言据;句内情境植入时,“好像”偏于AP和VP补语用法,偏好于表达言者基于感知的推断;“似乎”则偏于VP补语用法,表达言者基于逻辑的推断。三者比较,“似乎”和“好像”的用法更为接近。这些差异与英汉语的感事介入能力、非人称构式能力和句法位置灵活性高度相关。Based on the internal/external grounding strata theory of cognitive grammar,this paper investigates the usage features of the SEEM-type predicates seem/haoxiang(好像)/sihu(似乎)in English and Chinese through multiple correspondence analysis.The results show that the three predicates can all take higher-level grounding function,but their conceptual prototypes are different from each other,conveying different functional preference in evidentiality and modality.When playing clausal-external grounding function,seem is more inclined to use impersonal constructions than its Chinese counterparts,to indicate inference or hearsay.When used clausal-internally,however,haoxiang(好像)is more frequently used in AP-and VPcomplement constructions,expressing the speakers’inference based on perception,while sihu(似乎)is more frequently used in VP-complement constructions,denoting the speakers’inference based on logic.haoxiang(好像)and sihu(似乎)are much closer in usage,in comparison with seem.These distinctions are highly related to their different capacities in encoding experiencers,impersonal constructions and constructional flexibility in English and Chinese.

关 键 词：seem/好像/似乎 高层述谓 言据性 认识情态性 情境植入层级 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]