Si含量对汽车用铝合金组织和性能的影响  

Effect of Si content on microstructure and properties of automobile aluminum alloy

作　　者：樊富起[1] 徐敏道[2] FAN Fuqi;XU Mindao(School of Artificial Intelligence,Jiangxi University of Technology,Nanchang 330098,China;School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering,East China Jiaotong University,NanChang 330098,China)

机构地区：[1]江西科技学院人工智能学院,南昌330098 [2]华东交通大学电子与电气工程学院,南昌330013

出　　处：《功能材料》2024年第6期6224-6229,共6页Journal of Functional Materials

基　　金：江西省教育厅科学技术项目(GJJ2202614)。

摘　　要：制备了不同Si掺杂质量分数的汽车用铝合金材料,通过XRD、OM、SEM、力学性能试验和摩擦磨损试验研究了Si质量分数对铝合金物相结构、显微组织、硬度、拉伸强度、磨损性能和磨损形貌的影响。结果表明,铝合金主要是由α-Al、Mg、Si以及第二相Mg_(2)Si和Mg_(17)Al_(12)组成,Si掺杂质量分数的增加细化了珊瑚状的α-Al相,第二相主要析出在晶界处。随着Si掺杂质量分数的增加,铝合金的拉伸强度和硬度先增大后减小,屈服强度持续增大,断裂延伸率持续降低,Si掺杂质量分数3%的铝合金的拉伸强度达到最大值264.8 MPa,对应的屈服强度为189.6 MPa,硬度为最大值58.8 HV,对应的断裂延伸率为10.6%。磨损测试结果表明,磨损量和摩擦系数均随Si掺杂质量分数的增加表现出先降低后增大的趋势,当Si掺杂质量分数为3%时,铝合金的摩擦系数和磨损量均达到了最低值,分别为0.052及64.8 mg,铝合金的耐磨损性能最佳,磨损面中犁沟的方向均匀一致。Different Si doped aluminum alloy materials for automotive use were prepared,and the effects of Si mass fraction on the phase structure,microstructure,hardness,tensile strength,wear performance and wear morphology of the aluminum alloy were studied through XRD,OM,SEM,mechanical performance tests,and friction and wear tests.The results showed that aluminum alloys were mainly composed ofα-Al,Mg,Si,as well as the second phase Mg_(2)Si and Mg_(17)Al_(12).The increase in Si doping mass fraction refined the coral like structureα-Al phase,and the second phase mainly precipitated at grain boundaries.With the increase of Si doping mass fraction,the tensile strength and hardness of aluminum alloy first increased and then decreased,the yield strength continued increasing,and the fracture elongation continued decreasing.The tensile strength of aluminum alloy with a Si doping mass fraction of 3%reached a maximum value of 264.8 MPa,corresponding to a yield strength of 189.6 MPa,a maximum hardness of 58.8 HV,and a corresponding fracture elongation of 10.6%.The wear test results showed that both the wear amount and friction coefficient showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of Si doping mass fraction.When the Si doping mass fraction was 3%,the friction coefficient and wear amount of the aluminum alloy reached the lowest values,which were 0.052 and 64.8 mg,respectively.The wear resistance of the aluminum alloy was the best,and the direction of the plow groove in the wear surface was uniform and consistent.

关 键 词：SI 铝合金 微观结构 力学性能 磨损性能 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]