甘肃积石山地震村镇典型建筑震害及成因分析  

Cause analysis and typical damage of town and village buildings of the Jishishan earthquake in Gansu Province

作　　者：聂桂波[1,2] 杨永强 张昊宇[1,2] 谢贤鑫 陈龙伟[1,2] 王永志 汪云龙 NIE Guibo;YANG Yongqiang;ZHANG Haoyu;XIE Xianxin;CHEN Longwei;WANG Yongzhi;WANG Yunlong(Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,Harbin 150080,China;Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation,Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局工程力学研究所地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《地震工程与工程振动》2024年第3期214-222,共9页Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics

基　　金：中国地震局工程力学研究所基本科研业务费专项青年领军人才培育计划项目(2023C02);黑龙江省自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(JQ2022E006)。

摘　　要：2023年12月18日甘肃省临夏回族自治州积石山发生6.2级地震,此次地震造成了大量的村镇建筑破坏和倒塌,并造成了多人伤亡,是典型的“小震大灾”。文中总结了积石山地震中震区村镇建筑典型震害特点和规律,并结合建筑的结构类型、建造年代和是否具有抗震构造措施进行了典型案例分析,总结此次地震震损较为严重的原因:部分自建房屋为砖柱和土坯墙,二者缺乏有效连接,自身抗震能力差,这点从同一院落具有圈梁构造柱的房屋基本完好而不具备抗震构造措施的房子破坏严重可以说明;部分房屋不同层存在开间变化导致竖向传力不连续;结构存在大量平面布置不规则的情况;结构局部不完整或存在薄弱部位;农村自建房屋,按照工匠习惯建设,未考虑地震作用下的受力要求,需要建立质量监管体制机制。The 6.2 magnitude earthquake in Jishishan of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu Province occurred on December 18,2023.The earthquake caused extensive damage and collapse of town and village buildings,resulting many casualties.It is a typical small earthquake and large disaster.This paper summarizes the seismic damage characteristics and patterns of typical village and town buildings surveyed in the epicenter of the Jishishan earthquake,and analyzes typical cases based on the structural type,construction year,and whether seismic measures are used.The reasons for the severe seismic damage in this earthquake are summarized as follows:Some self-build houses have brick columns and adobe walls,but the two parts are lack of effective connections and have poor seismic resistance.This can be seen from the fact that houses with ring beams and structural columns in the same courtyard are basically intact,but houses without seismic structural measures are severely damaged.Some have varying openings on different floors,resulting in discontinuous vertical force transmission.There are many irregular planar arrangements in the structure.Partial structures are incomplete or have weak areas.Rural self-build houses are constructed according to the habits of craftsmen,without considering the stress requirements under earthquake actions,and a quality supervision system mechanism needs to be established.

关 键 词：积石山地震 震害调查 村镇建筑 结构倒塌 抗震构造措施 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学] TU36[天文地球—固体地球物理学]