基于某特殊铁路标准的电力机车耐撞性设计方法  

Crashworthiness Design Method of Electric Locomotives Based on a Special Railway Standard

作　　者：冯国江 齐红瑞 范晓鹏 朱涛[2] 谷鹏 肖守讷[2] FENG Guojiang;QI Hongrui;FAN Xiaopeng;ZHU Tao;GU Peng;XIAO Shoune(CRRC Datong Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,Datong 037038,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中车大同电力机车有限公司,山西大同037038 [2]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2024年第3期117-123,共7页Rolling Stock

基　　金：山西重大科技专项(20181102082);四川省杰出青年基金项目(2022JDJQ0025)。

摘　　要：为了保证电力机车被动安全的普遍适用性,基于某特殊铁路标准,以某型电力机车车体为研究对象,开展了电力机车耐撞性设计方法研究。首先,在分析研究相关机车耐撞性标准的基础上,确定了符合特殊标准的碰撞工况;然后,开展了基于碰撞能量管理的电力机车车钩缓冲装置能量配置研究;最后,在建立电力机车碰撞动力学与有限元模型的基础上,对比分析了典型工况下基于碰撞能量管理设计前后机车的耐撞性指标。结果表明:碰撞后的车体自身平均加速度、车厢纵向永久变形量和门窗对角永久变形量等各项耐碰撞性能指标均能满足相关要求,验证了机车碰撞能量管理设计的合理性与有效性,提升了该型机车的耐撞性能。In order to ensure the universal applicability of passive safety of electric locomotives,this paper carries out the research on the crashworthiness design method of electric locomotives based on a special railway standard,with a certain type of electric locomotive carbody as the research object.Firstly,on the basis of analyzing and studying the relevant crashworthiness standards of locomotives,the collision conditions conforming to the special standard are determined;then,the energy allocation of coupler buffer device of electric locomotive based on collision energy management is studied;finally,the crashworthiness indexes of electric locomotives before and after design based on collision energy management under typical working conditions are compared and analyzed on the basis of establishing models of collision dynamics and finite element of electric locomotives.The results show that the collision resistance indexes such as the average acceleration of the carbody,the longitudinal permanent deformation of the car and the diagonal permanent deformation of the doors and windows after collision can meet the relevant requirements,which verifies the rationality and effectiveness of the collision energy management design of the locomotive and improves the collision resistance of this type of locomotive.

关 键 词：电力机车 碰撞能量管理 车钩缓冲装置 耐撞性 特殊铁路标准 

分 类 号：U264[机械工程—车辆工程]