欠发达地区农村儿童发展的资源累积机制及群体差异——基于两省两校农村儿童调查数据的研究  

The Cumulative Effects and Group Differences of Developmental Assets used to Promote Rural Children’s Positive Development in Less-developed Areas:A Study Based on the Survey of Rural School Children in Two Provinces

作　　者：崔宝琛 CUI Baochen

机构地区：[1]天津社会科学院社会学研究所,天津300191

出　　处：《社会工作》2024年第3期124-150,164-166,共30页Journal of Social Work

基　　金：天津市哲学社会科学规划研究青年项目“新时代志愿服务发展的激励机制研究”(项目编号:TJSRQN23-003)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：投资于欠发达地区农村儿童发展既是儿童获得长期社会保护的关键举措,也是提升乡村振兴未来人力资本供给水平的重要途径。本研究对湖北省和安徽省欠发达地区农村儿童发展调查数据进行分层回归分析,探讨了这部分儿童的发展资源拥有情况及发展资源如何协同作用于儿童发展结果。研究发现:(1)欠发达地区农村儿童尤其是有留守经历儿童面临发展资源匮乏的困境,无任何一项发展资源的有留守经历儿童占比远超无留守经历儿童,拥有全部发展资源的占比远低于无留守经历儿童,但在发展资源拥有量的中等偏高水平上,有留守经历儿童的情况又略好于无留守经历儿童;(2)就儿童积极发展来看,7岁后开始留守的儿童对发展资源更敏感,发展资源对其积极发展的累积机制表现为“正加速模式”,而对于无留守经历儿童和其他发展阶段开始留守的儿童,发展资源对积极发展的累积机制表现为“线性模式”;(3)就儿童亲社会行为来看,无论是有留守经历儿童还是无留守经历儿童,发展资源对亲社会行为的累积机制均表现为“线性模式”。基于此,应从推动儿童福利走向全面普惠,优化儿童福利政策目标定位,完善儿童积极发展支持系统等方面入手促进儿童发展。Investing in the development of rural children in less-developed areas is both important for long-term social protection of children and the improvement of the future human capital supply for rural revitalization.The development of rural children in less-developed areas faces a number of challenges due to the intertwined impact of regional development imbalances,social class inequalities,and urban-rural development gaps,with the experience of being left-behind significantly increasing their likelihood of multidimensional poverty.The Positive Youth Development theory suggests that even disadvantaged children have the potential for positive development,which occurs through the bidirectional interaction between children and their contexts,with developmental assets in the context contributing to children’s positive development.These assets can be categorized as external assets from the child’s environment and internal assets from within the child.The impact of developmental assets on children’s development follows a horizontal pileup effect,meaning that the more developmental assets children possess,the higher the likelihood of achieving positive developmental outcomes.Furthermore,after positive development,children can contribute to themselves,their families,schools,communities,and society.

关 键 词：欠发达地区农村儿童 积极发展 亲社会行为 发展资源 累积机制 

分 类 号：D669.5[政治法律—政治学]