考虑自愿速度损失和货主满意度的北极东北航线船舶航速优化  

Ship speed optimization for Northern Sea Route considering voluntary speed loss and cargo owner satisfaction

作　　者：李振福 王婷婷 邱嘉欣 LI Zhenfu;WANG Tingting;QIU Jiaxin(College of Transportation Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学交通运输工程学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《上海海事大学学报》2024年第2期53-61,74,共10页Journal of Shanghai Maritime University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(20VHQ012)。

摘　　要：为在保证货主满意度的同时尽可能地控制航运成本,在考虑北极东北航线气象条件和自愿速度损失的基础上,建立北极东北航线航速优化模型,通过带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm,NSGA-Ⅱ)和逼近理想解排序法(technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution,TOPSIS)筛选出最佳折中解。选取北极东北航线沿线重要港口进行案例分析,结果表明:当航运成本降低时,货主总体满意度会下降,船公司可以根据各货主的重要性调整航速,以平衡航运成本和货主满意度;对比考虑自愿速度损失与无自愿速度损失的北极东北航线航速优化模型发现,两者的优化结果存在显著差异,自愿速度损失直接影响航速优化模型的准确性;航速优化对时间窗较为敏感,较大的时间窗可以为减速和提高船舶能效提供更大的机会空间。In order to control shipping cost as much as possible while ensuring the satisfaction of cargo owners,a ship speed optimization model of Northern Sea Route is established on the basis of considering the meteorological conditions in Northern Sea Route and the voluntary speed loss.The best compromise solution is selected by the elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ) and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS).The case analysis results of important ports along Northern Sea Route show that:when the shipping cost is reduced,the total satisfaction of cargo owners also decreases,and shipping companies can adjust the sailing speed according to the importance of each cargo owner to balance the shipping cost and the cargo owner satisfaction;compared with the ship speed optimization model of Northern Sea Route considering voluntary speed loss and non-voluntary speed loss,it is found that there is significant difference in the optimization results between the two,and the voluntary speed loss directly affects the accuracy of the ship speed optimization model;the ship speed optimization is sensitive to time windows,and the larger time windows can provide more opportunities for slowing down and improving the ship energy efficiency.

关 键 词：航速优化 北极东北航线 自愿速度损失 货主满意度 

分 类 号：U692.31[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]