计划行为理论视角下中青年结直肠癌幸存者重返工作障碍的质性研究  

A qualitative study on the barriers to returning to work for middle-aged and young colorectal cancer survivors based on the theory of planned behavior

作　　者：胡丹[1] 张华[2] 王莲莲[2] 王俊[1] 杨欣 李娟[3] 赵庆华[1] Hu Dan;Zhang Hua;Wang Lianlian;Wang Jun;Yang Xin;Li Juan;Zhao Qinghua(Departmentof Nursing,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;Departmentof Gastrointestinal Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;Office of Academic Affairs,The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院护理部,重庆400016 [2]重庆医科大学附属第一医院胃肠外科,重庆400016 [3]重庆医科大学附属第一医院教务处,重庆400016

出　　处：《保健医学研究与实践》2024年第3期26-32,共7页Health Medicine Research and Practice

基　　金：重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(2021MSXM161);重庆医科大学未来医学青年创新团队支持计划(W0019);重庆市教委研究生教改项目(yjg211006)。

摘　　要：目的基于计划行为理论(TPB)探究中青年结直肠癌(CRC)幸存者重返工作的障碍因素,旨在为该人群重返工作支持方案的制订提供参考依据。方法采用目的抽样法,选取2023年3—5月重庆医科大学附属第一医院胃肠外科CRC术后患者作为研究对象。根据TPB拟定访谈提纲,对16名中青年CRC幸存者进行半结构式访谈,应用Colaizzi 7步法进行资料分析。结果提炼出中青年CRC幸存者重返工作的障碍因素,包括3种类别和10个主题:行为态度(认知偏差、负面情绪、患者角色强化);主观规范(家庭支持不足、社会包容欠佳、负面事件影响);知觉行为控制(身体状态欠佳、认知功能障碍、返岗知识缺乏、自护能力不足)。结论医务人员应帮助中青年CRC幸存者纠正对重返工作的错误认知,疏导其负面情绪,同时相关部门应整合多方资源,强化社会支持,并开展职业康复指导,以促进CRC幸存者顺利重返工作,实现社会功能的整体康复。Objective To explore the barriers to returning to work for middle-aged and young colorectal cancer(CRC)survi-vors based on the theory of planned behavior(TPB),aiming to provide a reference for formulating support programs for this population.Methods Using purposive sampling,postoperative CRC patients from the Department of Gastrointestinal Sur-gery at The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from March to May 2023 were selected.A semi-structured interview guide based on the TPB was carried out,and 16 middle-aged and young CRC survivors were inter-viewed.Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method.Results Barriers to returning to work for middle-aged and young CRC survivors were categorized into three categories and ten themes:Behavioral Attitude(cognitive bias,negative e-motions,reinforced patient role);Subjective Norms(lack of family support,poor social inclusion,impact of negative e-vents);Perceived Behavioral Control(poor physical condition,cognitive dysfunction,lack of knowledge about returning to work,insufficient self-care ability).Conclusion Medical staff should help middle-aged and young CRC survivors correct misconceptions about returning to work,alleviate negative emotions,integrate various resources,strengthen social support,and provide vocational rehabilitation guidance to facilitate their smooth return to work and overall social function recovery.

关 键 词：结直肠癌幸存者 重返工作 质性研究 计划行为理论 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]