GNSS浮标高程坐标时间序列噪声特性分析  

Analysis of noise characteristics of GNSS buoy elevation coordinate time series

作　　者：高升[1] 胡兆国[1] 徐广东 姬晴川 杨超 杜利明[1] GAO Sheng;HU Zhaoguo;XU Guangdong;JI Qingchuan;YANG Chao;DU Liming(Geological Exploration Institute of Shandong Zhengyuan,China Metallurgical Geology Bureau,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]中国冶金地质总局山东正元地质勘查院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《北京测绘》2024年第5期681-685,共5页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：中国冶金地质总局山东局青年科技基金(SDYJ-QNKY202111)。

摘　　要：本文对四种不同尺寸的全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)浮标(波浪骑士浮标、5 m浮标、2 m浮标、1 m浮标)进行了海面高观测数据分析,以揭示海洋环境下GNSS坐标时间序列的噪声特性。通过数据解算,确定了各类型浮标在观测精度方面的不确定性,并且标准差分析表明5 m浮标具有最高的观测稳定性,而波浪骑士浮标表现出最大的不确定性。进一步的噪声模型分析发现,5 m、2 m和1 m浮标的坐标时间序列最佳噪声模型为“白噪声+幂律噪声”,而波浪骑士浮标的最佳噪声模型为“白噪声+闪烁噪声”。为了提升数据质量,本研究还采用奇异谱分析算法对坐标时间序列进行了降噪处理。结果表明,虽然降噪后各浮标的最佳噪声模型没有发生变化,但噪声量级明显降低,5 m浮标、波浪骑士浮标、2 m浮标和1 m浮标的噪声量级分别下降了16.75%、39.2%、27.5%和33.35%。综合来看,大尺寸浮标由于其较高的稳定性,能够提供更高精度的海面高观测数据。同时,通过奇异谱分析降噪处理,可有效降低噪声量级,从而提高观测数据的质量。本研究结果为海洋GNSS观测提供了重要的技术参考。This paper analyzed sea level height observation data from four global navigation satellite system(GNSS)buoys with different sizes,namely Wave Knight buoy,5 m buoy,2 m buoy,and 1 m buoy,so as to elucidate the noise characteristics of GNSS coordinate time series in marine environments.Through data solution procedures,the uncertainty in observational accuracy for various types of buoys was determined.Standard deviation analysis revealed that the 5 m buoy exhibited the highest observational stability,whereas the Wave Knight buoy manifested the greatest uncertainty.Further noise model analysis indicated that the optimal noise models for the coordinate time series of 5 m,2 m,and 1m buoys were white noise(WN)+power law(PL)noise,while the optimal noise model for Wave Knight buoy was WN+flicker noise(FN).To improve data quality,a singular spectrum analysis(SSA)algorithm was employed for noise reduction in the coordinate time series.The results show that although the optimal noise models for each buoy remain unchanged after noise reduction,there is a significant reduction in noise magnitude.Specifically,the noise magnitudes for the 5 m buoy,Wave Knight buoy,2 m buoy,and 1 m buoy are reduced by 16.75%,39.2%,27.5%,and 33.35%,respectively.In summary,larger buoys offer more accurate sea level height observation data due to their higher stability.Additionally,noise reduction through SSA effectively reduces noise magnitudes,thereby enhancing the quality of observation data.The findings of this paper provide critical technical references for marine GNSS observations.

关 键 词：噪声模型 奇异谱分析 降噪 全球卫星导航系统浮标 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]