历史语义学视角下孙子兵学的核心概念:“兵”“将”“计”“战”“攻”“胜”  

On Core Concepts of Sunzi’s Military Science——A Perspective of Historical Semantics:“Bing”“Jiang”“Ji”“Zhan”“Gong”“Sheng”

作　　者：赵国华[1] Zhao Guohua

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学历史文化学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《管子学刊》2024年第3期101-114,共14页GuanZi Journal

摘　　要：孙子兵学作为一个理论体系,建构于一系列核心概念。这些核心概念主要包括“兵”“将”“计”“战”“攻”“胜”六个词语。“兵”指军队和战争;“将”指将领,是用兵作战的军事主官;“计”指计算、计谋,是战争决策和实施的原则和方法;“战”即野战,亦指会战、决战;“攻”指进攻、攻击,或指攻城作战;“胜”即胜利,多指预测性的胜利。每一个词语加上前缀或后缀,又分别构成一组核心概念。孙子以这些核心概念为基础,系统论述战争、战争指导和军队建设问题,并把战争指导原则和方法置于核心位置,从而具有鲜明的军事谋略特质。所以准确地说,《孙子兵法》主要是一部军事谋略著作。As a theoretical system,Sunzi’s military science is built on a series of core concepts.These core concepts mainly include six words:“Bing”,“jiang”,“ji”,“zhan”,“gong”,and“sheng”.“Bing”means army and war.“Jiang”refers to the generals,military commanders engaged in military operations;“Ji”refers to calculation and stratagem,which are the principles and methods of war decision-making and implementation;“Zhan”refers to field battles,and also refers to battles and decisive battles;“Gong”refers to an attack,or siege operation;“Sheng”means victory,which often refers to predictive victory.Based on these core concepts,Sunzi systematically discussed the problems of war,war guidance and army building.He also held the guiding principles and methods of war as the core concepts,so that they are all of a distinct character of military strategy.The Art of War,the author believes,is a work on military strategies.

关 键 词：孙子 《孙子兵法》 孙子兵学 核心概念 

分 类 号：E892[军事]