乳状液体系中气体水合物成核过程研究进展  

Nucleation process of gas hydrates in the emulsion system:A review

作　　者：张东旭 刘成 宋乐春 黄启玉[2] 王唯 ZHANG Dongxu;LIU Cheng;SONG Lechun;HUANG Qiyu;WANG Wei(SINOPEC(Dalian)Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemical Company Limited,Dalian 116045,Liaoning,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Pipeline Safety/Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Oil and Gas Distribution Technology,China University of Petroleum-Beijing,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化(大连)石油化工研究院有限公司,辽宁大连116045 [2]中国石油大学(北京)油气管道输送安全国家工程实验室/城市油气输配技术北京市重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《化工进展》2024年第6期3007-3020,共14页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51374224)。

摘　　要：乳状液中气体水合物成核行为研究可用于评估油-气-水体系在亚稳态下稳定存在的时间,对低温环境下多相混输管道的安全运行和水合物风险控制策略的制定具有重大意义,因而成为深水管道流动安全保障的重点问题和研究热点。本文着眼于油水乳状液体系中气体水合物的成核过程,总结了实验研究中水合物成核速率的量化方法,细致分析和比较了当前研究中诱导期定义方法的异同,梳理了温度、压力、扰动强度、含水率和原油组分等环境条件和体系组成对水合物成核行为影响的研究成果及水合物成核速率预测模型。总体来看,油水乳状液中水合物的成核行为已经得到了较为深入的研究,在影响因素定性分析和模型定量描述等方面取得了一定成果,但在诱导期定义方法的统一和模型的工程化应用等方面仍需进行更为细致的研究。未来,应逐步建立统一的诱导期定义标准和更为普适性的诱导期预测模型,借助谱学仪器和分子动力学模拟等手段加深对水合物成核过程分子尺度信息的认识,更加深入理解水合物成核机理并逐渐实现量化模型的工程化应用。The investigation of hydrate nucleation behavior in water-oil emulsion can be used to evaluate the stable existence time of oil-gas-water system in metastable states,which is of great significance for the safe operation of multiphase pipelines in low temperature environment and the formulation of hydrate risk control strategies.Therefore,it has become a key issue and research hotspot in the field of flow assurance for deepwater pipelines.This paper focused on the nucleation process of hydrates in oil-water emulsions.The quantitative methods of hydrate nucleation rate in experimental studies were summarized,and the differences and similarities of the induction time definition methods in current studies were analyzed.Moreover,the effects of environmental conditions and system compositions such as temperature,pressure,disturbance intensity,water cut and crude oil components on the hydrate nucleation behavior and the prediction model of the hydrate nucleation rate were reviewed.In general,the nucleation behavior of hydrates in water-oil emulsion has been studied in-depth,and some achievements have been made in qualitative analysis of influencing factors and quantitative description of models.However,more detailed research is still needed on the unification of the induction time definition method and the engineering application of models.It is necessary to gradually establish a unified induction time definition standard and more general induction time prediction models.In addition,spectroscopic instruments and molecular dynamics simulations should be used to deepen the understanding of the molecular-scale information of the hydrate nucleation process,the nucleation behavior of hydrates should be further understood,and the engineering application of the models should be gradually realized.

关 键 词：流动保障 气体水合物 油水乳状液 成核行为 诱导期 

分 类 号：TE89[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]