海勃湾水库库区淤积及排沙运用指标分析  

Analysis of Sedimentation and Sediment Discharge Application Index in Haibowan Reservoir Area

作　　者：郭静怡 李新杰 王远见[2,3] 王强 GUO Jing-yi;LI Xin-jie;WANG Yuan-jian;WANG Qiang(College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Key Laboratory of Lower Yellow River Channel and Estuary Regulation,MWR,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Yellow River Water Conservancy Science Research Institute,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098 [2]水利部黄河下游河道与河口治理重点实验室,河南郑州450003 [3]黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2024年第6期64-67,77,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2243236,51879115,U2243215);国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3200400)。

摘　　要：为了减缓水库淤积,延长海勃湾水库的使用寿命,对水库运行以来库区的淤积情况和排沙运用指标进行分析。对库区纵向和横向淤积形态分析可知,库区淤积主要在前坡段和顶坡段,而且前坡段和顶坡段高程1075 m以上的滩地已开始出现淤积;海勃湾库区泥沙淤积主要集中在排沙期7~10月,2014~2020年排沙期淤积泥沙占总淤积量的66%。高程1074 m以下是淤积的主体,淤积泥沙2.01×10^(8)m^(3),占总淤积量的95%。顶坡段断面D7~D20淤积量为1.82×10^(8)m^(3),占总淤积量的83%,是淤积的主要库段;确定排沙时段为7~10月;确定排沙量级为1500 m^(3)/s以上,但对于平枯水年可选1200 m^(3)/s以上进行排沙;确定排沙起始含沙量为2 kg/m^(3)以上可降低水位排沙;确定排沙期(7~10月份)的排沙调度水位控制在1071~1075 m,但当有合适的水沙条件时,可降低水位至死水位1069 m或以下进行敞泄排沙。通过对海勃湾水库库区淤积和排沙运用指标的分析,可参考这些排沙运用指标进一步制定详细的排沙调度方案。In order to slow down the sedimentation and prolong the service life of Haibowan Reservoir, the sedimentation and sediment discharge indexes of the reservoir area since the operation of the reservoir are analyzed. According to the analysis of the longitudinal and transverse siltation patterns in the reservoir area, the siltation in the reservoir area is mainly in the front slope section and the top slope section, and the beach above 1 075 m in the front slope section and the top slope section has begun to silt up. The sediment deposition in the Haibowan reservoir area is mainly concentrated in the sediment discharge period from July to October, and the sediment deposition in the sediment discharge period from 2014 to 2020 accounts for 66% of the total deposition. The main body of siltation is below the elevation of 1 074 m, and the siltation sediment is 201 million m^(3), accounting for 95% of the total siltation. The deposition amount of D7-D20 in the top slope section is 182 million m^(3), accounting for 83% of the total deposition amount, which is the main reservoir section of deposition. The sand discharge period is determined to be from July to October. It is determined that the magnitude of sediment discharge is more than 1 500 m^(3)/s, but more than 1 200 m^(3)/s can be selected for sediment discharge in normal and dry years. It is determined that the initial sediment concentration of sediment discharge is more than 2 kg/m^(3), which can reduce the water level sediment discharge, and the water level of sediment discharge scheduling from July to October is 1 071-1 075 m. But when there are suitable water and sediment conditions, the water level can be reduced to 1 069 m or below the dead water level for open discharge and sediment discharge. Through the analysis of the sedimentation and sediment discharge operation indexes in the reservoir area of Haibowan Reservoir, the detailed sediment discharge operation scheme can be further formulated with reference to these sediment discharge operation indexes.

关 键 词：海勃湾水库 淤积形态 淤积分布 泥沙 

分 类 号：TV145[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]