陕西某县农村孕妇叶酸营养认知、行为状况及相关因素研究  

Study on knowledge,attitude,behavior and influence factors of folic acid supplement of rural pregnant women in a county of Shaanxi Province

作　　者：杨瑾[1] 成怡敏[2] 牛亚雄 钟荣 YANG Jin;CHENG Yimin;NIU Yaxiong;ZHONG Rong(Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710049,China;Hospital of Xi'an Shiyou University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710065,China;Shaanxi Fetal Education Research Institute,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710065,China;Zizhou County Maternal and Child Health Care Family Planning Service Center,Yulin,Shaanxi 718499,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医院,陕西西安710049 [2]西安石油大学医院,陕西西安710065 [3]陕西省胎教研究院,陕西西安710065 [4]子洲县妇幼保健计划生育服务中心,陕西榆林718499

出　　处：《中国优生与遗传杂志》2024年第4期864-868,共5页Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity

摘　　要：目的了解陕北农村孕妇叶酸营养认知、行为状况并分析相关因素。方法对2023年1—8月在陕西省子洲县妇幼保健计划生育服务中心建档的524例孕妇进行叶酸营养认知、叶酸服用情况调查。结果93.96%被调查者听说过叶酸;61.40%知道叶酸可预防神经管缺陷,仅51.07%知道叶酸最佳服用时间,31.19%知道每日需增补叶酸剂量。仅21.64%从孕前服用到调查时。叶酸服用时长2~3个月者最多,占26.32%,其次为1~2个月,占19.30%。94.54%被调查者认为购买叶酸不会增加经济负担。“叶酸能预防神经管畸形”知晓率与学历、居住地相关,与年龄、家庭年收入、职业、胎次无相关性。叶酸正确服用率与年龄、居住地、学历、家庭年收入及认知水平相关,与职业、胎次无相关性。叶酸增补知识主要从医务人员处获得,其次是网络。结论陕北地区农村孕妇增补叶酸知识掌握欠佳,正确服用叶酸比例不足。加强孕前健康教育的同时,应加强健康促进,为孕妇提供良好的政策和环境支持,以减少神经管缺陷的发生,提高新生人口质量。Objective A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the cognition and behavior of folic acid nutrition in rural pregnant women in northern Shaanxi and analyze the related factors.Methods 524 rural pregnant women who had established maternal health records at the Zizhou County Maternal and Child Health Care Family Planning Service Center in Shaanxi Province during January 1 to August 312023 were investigated with questionnaires,including the cognition of folic acid nutrition knowledge and the correct use of folic acid.Results 93.96% of the respondents had heard of folic acid.61.40% of them knew that folic acid can prevent neural tube defects,only 51.07% knew the best time to take folic acid,31.19% of them knew that the daily dose of folic acid should be supplemented.However,only 21.64% took it from pre-conception to the time of the survey.Folic acid was taken from 2 to 3 months,accounting for 26.32% women,followed by 1 to 2 months,accounting for 19.30%.94.54% of the respondents believe that purchasing folic acid will not increase their financial burden.The awareness rate of“folic acid can prevent neural tube defect”was related to education and residence,but had no correlation with age,family annual income,occupation and parity.The correct rate of folic acid consumption was correlated with age,place of residence,education,family annual income and cognitive level,but not with occupation and parity.The majority of respondents obtained their knowledge about folic acid supplementation from medical personnel,followed by the Internet.Conclusion The knowledge of folic acid supplementation is not good in rural pregnant women in northern Shaanxi,and the proportion of pregnant women who can take folic acid continuously before pregnancy is still insufficient.While strengthening pre-pregnancy health education,health promotion should be strengthened to provide good policy and environmental support for pregnant women,so as to reduce the occurrence of neural tube defects and improve the quality of newborn population

关 键 词：农村地区 叶酸 认知 孕妇 健康教育 

分 类 号：R715.3[医药卫生—妇产科学]