基于保护动机理论的中老年男性艾滋病短视频健康教育干预研究  

A study of short video health education intervention on HIV/AIDS for middle-aged and elderly men based on protection motivation theory

作　　者：彭瑾 李娜[2] 叶志华 何佳 李双如 袁将 杨碧辉 黄俊[4] 梁俐 梁姝[4] 杨义 PENG Jin;LI Na;YE Zhihua;HE Jia;LI Shuangru;YUAN Jiang;YANG Bihui;HUANG Jun;LIANG Li;LIANG Shu;YANG Yi(School of Management/Sichuan Institute of Health,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,Sichuan,China;Pengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Pengzhou 610000,Sichaun,Chian;Public Health College,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611137,Sichuan,China;Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;Yibin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yibin 644000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学管理学院/健康四川研究院,成都611137 [2]四川省彭州市疾病预防控制中心,四川彭州610000 [3]成都中医药大学公共卫生学院,成都611137 [4]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041 [5]四川省宜宾市疾病预防控制中心,四川宜宾644000

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2024年第5期481-486,共6页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：中央财政补助艾滋病等重大传染病和地方病防治项目(500014001)。

摘　　要：目的开展基于保护动机理论的中老年男性艾滋病短视频健康教育干预研究,评价其效果,探索有效的健康教育模式。方法将203名中老年男性社区居民随机分为对照组(73人)、PM(保护动机)常规组(61人)和警示性组(69人),开展为期1个月的艾滋病短视频健康教育干预。对照组接受一般健康教育;PM常规组在对照组基础上接受包含保护动机理论行为效益、行为代价、自我效能、艾滋病相关服务、社会支持5个维度的艾滋病健康教育;警示性组在PM常规组基础上增加严重性、易感性、内部回报、外部回报4个维度的警示性教育;干预前后均进行面对面访谈式问卷调查。运用SPSS26.0软件进行统计分析。结果干预结束后,共计随访到184人(90.6%),失访19人(9.4%),均为随机失访。其中随访到对照组70人(70/73,95.9%),PM常规组54人(54/61,88.5%),警示性组60人(60/69,87.0%)。各组干预前后在年龄、户口性质、文化程度、婚姻状况、居住情况上的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。干预后,在艾滋病知识知晓率上,警示性组(90.0%)高于对照组(67.1%)(P<0.05);在HIV检测意愿上,PM常规组(88.9%)和警示性组(90.0%)均高于对照组(68.6%)(P<0.05);在艾滋病歧视水平上,警示性组[2.6(2.2,3.1)]低于对照组[2.8(2.2,3.3)](P<0.05);在艾滋病预防保护动机水平上,警示性组[57.5(53.3,61.7)]高于对照组[54.2(49.2,60.8)](P<0.05);在最近1个月非婚性行为发生情况上,三组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论基于保护动机理论的中老年男性艾滋病短视频健康教育,能有效提高艾滋病知识知晓水平和HIV检测意愿,降低艾滋病歧视,提升艾滋病预防保护动机。Objective To conduct HIV/AIDS short video health education interventions for middle-aged and elderly men based on protection motivation theory(PMT),and to evaluate its effectiveness and explore efficient health education models.Methods A total of 203 middleaged and elderly male community residents were randomly divided into a control group(73 individuals),a PM(protection motivation)routine group(61 individuals),and a warning group(69 individuals)for a one-month AIDS short video health education intervention.The control group received general health education;the PM routine group received AIDS health education based on the control group,including five dimensions of PMT:behavior efficacy,behavior cost,self-efficacy,AIDS-related services,and social support;the warning group added four dimensions of warning education to the PM routine group,including severity,susceptibility,internal rewards,and external rewards.Face-to-face interview-style questionnaires were conducted before and after the intervention.SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results After the intervention,a total of 184 participants(90.6%)were followed up,while 19 participants(9.4%)were lost to follow-up,all of whom were randomly lost.Among them,70 individuals(70/73,95.9%)were followed up in the control group,54 individuals(54/61,88.5%)in the PM routine group,and 60 individuals(60/69,87.0%)in the warning group.There were no statistically significant differences in age,household registration,education level,marital status,and living conditions before and after the intervention in each group(P>0.05),ensuring comparability.After the intervention,the warning group had a higher HIV knowledge awareness rate(90.0%)than the control group(67.1%)(P<0.05).The PM routine group(88.9%)and the warning group(90.0%)both had higher willingness to undergo HIV testing than the control group(68.6%)(P<0.05).The warning group had a lower level of HIV discrimination[2.6(2.2,3.1)]compared to the control group[2.8(2.2,3.3)](P<0.05)and the warning group had a high

关 键 词：保护动机理论 中老年男性 艾滋病 短视频 社区干预 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]