Digitization of Astronomical Photographic Plates of China and Astrometric Measurement of Single-exposure Plates  

作　　者：商正君 于涌 王亮亮 杨美婷 杨静 沈世银 刘敏 徐权峰 崔辰州 樊东卫 唐正宏 赵建海 Zheng-Jun Shang;Yong Yu;Liang-Liang Wang;Mei-Ting Yang;Jing Yang;Shi-Yin Shen;Min Liu;Quan-Feng Xu;Chen-Zhou Cui;Dong-Wei Fan;Zheng-Hong Tang;Jian-Hai Zhao(Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Lab for Astrophysics,Shanghai,200234,China;National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;National Astronomical Data Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]Key Lab for Astrophysics,Shanghai,200234,China [4]National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China [5]National Astronomical Data Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China

出　　处：《Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics》2024年第5期103-116,共14页天文和天体物理学研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(grant No.21511104100);the Global Common Challenge Special Project(grant No.018GJHZ2023110GC);the China National Key Basic Research Program(grant No.2012FY120500)。

摘　　要：From the mid-19th century to the end of the 20th century, photographic plates served as the primary detectors for astronomical observations. Astronomical photographic observations in China began in 1901, and over a century, a total of approximately 30,000 astronomical photographic plates were captured. These historical plates play an irreplaceable role in conducting long-term, time-domain astronomical research. To preserve and explore these valuable original astronomical observational data, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory has organized the transportation of plates, taken during nighttime observations from various stations across the country, to the Sheshan Plate Archive for centralized preservation. For the first time, plate information statistics were calculated. On this basis, the plates were cleaned and digitally scanned, and finally digitized images were acquired for 29,314 plates. In this study, using Gaia DR2 as the reference star catalog, astrometric processing was carried out successfully on 15,696 single-exposure plates, including object extraction, stellar identification,and plate model computation. As a result, for long focal length telescopes, such as the 40 cm double-tube refractor telescope, the 1.56 m reflector telescope at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, and the 1m reflecting telescope at Yunnan Astronomical Observatory, the astrometric accuracy obtained for their plates is approximately 0."1–0."3. The distribution of astrometric accuracy for medium and short focal length telescopes ranges from 0."3 to 1."0. The relevant data of this batch of plates, including digitized images and a stellar catalog of the plates, are archived and released by the National Astronomical Data Center. Users can access and download plate data based on keywords such as station, telescope, observation year, and observed celestial coordinates.

关 键 词：methods data analysis-techniques image processing-astronomical databases miscellaneous-astrometry 

分 类 号：P111[天文地球—天文学]