新冠疫情前后中国内地重大疫情防控服务能力变化分析  

Change in service capacity against major epidemics before and after COVID-19 epidemic in the Chinese Mainland:a policy document-based analysis

作　　者：王兰 施培武 沈群红[3,5] 陈政 蒲川[3,7] 徐凌忠 胡志[3,9] 马安宁 龚朝晖[3,11] 徐天强 王磐石[3,13] 汪华 郝超[3,15] 周庆誉 郝模[1,2,3] 李程跃 WANG Lan;SHI Peiwu;SHEN Qunhong;CHEN Zheng;PU Chuan;XU Lingzhong;HU Zhi;MA Anning;GONG Zhaohui;XU Tianqiang;WANG Panshi;WANG Hua;HAO Chao;ZHOU Qingyu;HAO Mo;LI Chengyue(Department of Health Policy and Management,School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;Research Institute of Health Development Strategies,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences,Hangzhou 310012,China;School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100044,China;Department of Grassroots Public Health Management Group,Public Health Management Branch of Chinese Preventive Medicine Association,Shanghai 201800,China;School of Public Health and Management,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;School of Public Health,Shandong University,Ji'nan 250012,China;Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China;Jining Medical University,Jining 272067,China;Committee on Medicine and Health of Central Committee of China Zhi Gong Party,Beijing 100011,China;Institute of Inspection and Supervision,Shanghai Municipal Health Commission,Shanghai 230031,China;Shanghai Municipal Health Commission,Shanghai 230031,China;Jiangsu Preventive Medicine Association,Nanjing 210009,China;Changzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changzhou 213003,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院卫生事业管理学教研室,上海200032 [2]复旦大学卫生发展战略研究中心,上海200032 [3]健康风险预警治理协同创新中心,上海200032 [4]浙江省医学科学院,杭州310012 [5]清华大学公共管理学院,北京100044 [6]中华预防医学会公共卫生管理分会基层公共卫生管理学组,上海201800 [7]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院,重庆400016 [8]山东大学公共卫生学院,济南250012 [9]安徽医科大学,合肥230032 [10]济宁医学院,济宁272067 [11]致公党中央医药卫生专业委员会,北京100011 [12]上海卫生健康委员会监督所,上海200031 [13]上海市卫生健康委员会,上海200031 [14]江苏省预防医学会,南京210009 [15]常州市疾病预防控制中心,常州213003

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2024年第3期280-284,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划项目(GWIV-32、GWV-12);国家自然科学基金(71774031、72074048);上海人才发展资金资助项目(2020128)。

摘　　要：目的分析新冠疫情前后中国内地重大疫情防控服务能力的变化情况,为促进防控服务能力提升提供参考借鉴。方法系统检索中国内地31省(自治区、直辖市)政府部门和专业公共卫生机构等官方网站,结合北大法宝网补充,纳入2002-2020年重大疫情防控相关文件1756篇,摘录服务提供有关字段,计算服务覆盖和可考核程度以及防控服务能力,采用配对秩和检验分析东、中、西部等地区新冠前后服务能力的变化情况。结果中国内地2019年重大疫情防控服务覆盖程度已达到100%,事前、事中和事后服务可考核程度在新冠疫情前后分别由50.54%、61.29%、37.10%提升至65.59%、72.04%和38.71%,提升幅度分别为29.78%、17.54%和4.34%。东部地区事前以及西部地区事中的服务能力在新冠疫情前后分别由78.79%、65.00%提升至89.39%、76.67%(P<0.05),事后阶段的服务能力提升不明显。重大疫情防控服务能力在新冠疫情前后由66.00%提升至73.78%(P<0.001)。结论中国内地重大疫情防控服务能力在新冠疫情前后有所提升,但中部和西部地区仍需持续加强,其中事后评估是服务能力持续提升的重点。Objective To analyze the change in service capacity against major epidemics before and after coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in China for the promotion of the capacity.Methods Via systematic search on the official websites and the law documents website of Peking University(PKULAW),we collected totally 1756 policy documents relevant to major epidemic prevention and control issued during 2002-2020 by government departments and professional public health institutions in 31 provincial-level administrative divisions of China.Contents about the coverage and assessability of service capacity of major epidemic prevention and control were extracted from the documents and indexes for evaluating national and regional coverage and assessability were calculated based on the extracted contents.Paired signed-rank test was used to analyze changes in the indexes before and during COVID-19 epidemic.Results The coverage of major epidemic prevention and control services has reached 100%in the Chinese mainland in 2019.In comparison to those in 2019 before the emergence of COVID-19 epidemic,the national assessability indexes(%)for service capability of major epidemic prevention and control of pre-,ongoing-and post-stage increased in 2020 by 29.78%(65.59%vs.50.54%),17.54%(72.04%vs.61.29%)and 4.34%(38.71%vs.37.10%).the assessment index for service capability of major epidemic prevention and control of pre-stage increased from 78.79%to 89.39%for eastern region and that of ongoing-stage increased from 65.00%to 76.67%for western region(both P<0.05);but there was no significant increase in regional assessment index for service capability of major epidemic prevention and control of post-stage.The national assessment index for service capacity of major epidemic prevention and control of whole process increased significantly from 66.00%in 2019 to 73.78%in 2020 after the emergence of COVID-19 epidemic(P<0.001).Conclusion The overall service capacity of major epidemic prevention and control has improved after the emergence of COVID-19 epidemic

关 键 词：重大疫情 服务能力 前后变化 事前-事中-事后 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]