不锈钢纤维多孔材料及其复合结构的隔声性能  

Sound Insulation Properties of Stainless Steel Fiber Porous Materials with Complex Structure

作　　者：敖庆波[1] 王建忠[1] 马军[1] 吴琛 Ao Qingbo;Wang Jianzhong;Ma Jun;Wu Chen(State Key Laboratory of Porous Metals Materials,Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research,Xi’an 710016,China)

机构地区：[1]西北有色金属研究院金属多孔材料国家重点实验室,陕西西安710016

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2024年第5期1444-1448,共5页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：中国载人航天工程空间应用系统资助项目(KJZ-YY-NCL104);秦创原引用高层次创新创业人才项目(QCYRCXM-2022-182);陕西省科技新星项目(2018KJXX-060)。

摘　　要：本研究以8μm不锈钢纤维毛毡为原料,利用体积称重法和高温烧结工艺制备出具有不同孔隙率、平均孔径和厚度的不锈钢纤维多孔材料。通过结构优化设计了正梯度结构、反梯度结构和薄膜复合结构,对3种结构进行了隔声性能的测试,分别研究了3种结构的隔声特性。隔声结果表明,不锈钢纤维多孔材料具有一定的隔声性能,厚度为20 mm,孔隙率为85%,在50~6400 Hz频率范围内,不锈钢纤维多孔材料的平均隔声量为18.91 dB;其孔隙率越低,平均孔径越小,厚度越厚,材料的隔声性能越好;设计的正梯度和反梯度结构的隔声性能比单层不锈钢纤维多孔材料的隔声性能差;添加金属薄膜的不锈钢纤维多孔复合材料在中高频处的隔声性能有很大提高,厚度为20mm,平均隔声量达27.86 dB,最高处提高16.96 dB。Stainless steel fiber felt with 8μm in thickness was used as raw material,and stainless steel fiber porous material with different porosities,average pore sizes and thicknesses were prepared by volume-weighing method and high temperature sintering.Positive gradient structure,inverse gradient structure and film composite structure were designed by structural optimization.The sound insulation performance of the three kinds of the structures was tested,and the sound insulation characteristics of the structures were studied.The sound insulation results indicate that the stainless steel fiber porous material has a certain sound insulation performance.When the thickness is 20 mm,the porosity is 85%,the average sound insulation of the stainless steel fiber porous material is 18.92 dB in the frequency range of 50-6400 Hz.The lower the porosity,the smaller the average pore size,the thicker the thickness,the better the sound insulation performance of the material.The sound insulation performance of the designed positive gradient and the inverse gradient structures is worse than the single layer stainless steel fiber porous material.The sound insulation performance of the stainless steel fiber porous composite material with film material is greatly improved at medium and high frequencies.When the thickness is 20 mm,the average sound insulation is 27.86 dB,and the highest is increased by 16.96 dB.

关 键 词：金属纤维多孔材料 隔声性能 薄膜材料 结构优化 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]