Cr、Ni对耐蚀钢组织及性能的影响  

Effect of Cr and Ni on the microstructure and properties of corrosion-resistant steel

作　　者：王宝山[1] 张宏亮[1] 王卫卫[1] 马健 冯光宏[1] Wang Baoshan;Zhang Hongliang;Wang Weiwei;Ma Jian;Feng Guanghong(Metallurgical Technology Institute,Central Iron and Steel Research Institute,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]钢铁研究总院冶金工艺研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《钢铁钒钛》2024年第2期149-155,共7页Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium

摘　　要：以Q345GNH钢为基础,制备了不同Cr(质量分数为0.5%、2%、3%、4%和5%)和Ni(质量分数分别为0.5%和1%)含量的试样,通过系列试验对性能进行了比较,并通过热力学计算分析了Cr和Ni的作用机理。结果表明,由于贝氏体的生成,当Cr含量从2%增加到3%时,屈服强度和抗拉强度分别提高了83 MPa和122 MPa。当Cr超过4%时,大于80%的贝氏体使得的钢的断后伸长率小于10%。与Q345GNH钢相比,添加2%以上的Cr才能使得耐蚀钢在120 h盐雾腐蚀后的相对腐蚀率小于70%。耐蚀钢的耐蚀性能提高是由于稳定的含Cr腐蚀产物的形成和Ni引起的自腐蚀电位正移,综合各项指标,Cr的最佳添加量为2%,Ni的最佳添加量为1%。Based on the base chemistry of Q345GNH steel,the steel samples with different Cr(mass fraction of 0.5%,2%,3%,4%and 5%)and Ni(mass fraction of 0.5%and 1%)contents were prepared and their performances were compared by series of tests.Meanwhile,the effect mechanism of Cr and Ni on properties of steel was analyzed by thermodynamic calculations.The results show that with increasing Cr content from 2%to 3%,the yield strength and tensile strength increased by 83 MPa and122 MPa,respectively,mainly because of bainite formation,and when content of Cr exceed 4%,the elongation rate was less than 10%caused by more than 80%bainite in the steel.When compared with the Q345GNH steel,with more than 2%Cr addition can provide the relative corrosion rate of steel less than 70%after 120 h salt spray corrosion.This improvement was due to formation of stable Cr-containing corrosion products and self-corrosion potential shift positively caused by Ni.Comprehensively considering each individual index,the optimum additions for Cr was 2%and for Ni was 1%.

关 键 词：耐蚀钢 CR NI 力学性能 中性盐雾腐蚀 电位-PH图 

分 类 号：TF76[冶金工程—钢铁冶金] TG142.3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]