日光温室不同土质灌水下限对早春黄瓜生长、产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Irrigation Lower Limits on Early-Spring Cucumber Grown Under Different Soil Textures in the Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：袁泉 卢威 王君 陈茹 李衍素[1] 于贤昌[1] 贺超兴[1] 孙敏涛 闫妍[1] YUAN Quan;LU Wei;WANG Jun;CHEN Ru;LI Yansu;YU Xianchang;HE Chaoxing;SUN Mintao;YAN Yan(Sate Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding,Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 625014,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室,北京100081 [2]四川农业大学,成都625014

出　　处：《园艺学报》2024年第6期1377-1385,共9页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001903);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资助(CARS-25-C-01);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS);农业农村部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室项目。

摘　　要：在日光温室典型土壤质地(壤土、黏壤土和砂壤土)下,以黄瓜‘中农26’为试材,在结果期设置3个灌水下限(田间持水量的60%、70%和80%),当土壤含水量下降至灌水下限时开始灌溉,每次灌溉至田间持水量的90%,探究对早春黄瓜生长、产量和品质的影响,为设施黄瓜节水高效生产提供理论依据。结果显示:对于壤土、黏壤土和砂壤土,分别以田间持水量的70%、60%和80%作为灌水下限,可以获得较高的产量(分别为110.8、130.3、125.0 t·hm^(-2)),以及较高的灌溉水分利用效率(分别为45.1、42.3、45.3 kg·m^(-3));分别以田间持水量的60%、80%和60%作为灌水下限,可以获得较高的果实可溶性糖和维生素C含量,品质较优。In order to optimize irrigation parameters for high-yield or high-quality cucumber production in protected facilities under different soil textures,the effects of irrigation lower limits on growth,yield,and quality of early-spring cucumber were investigated.Cucumber‘Zhongnong 26’was used as experimental material.Three typical soil textures(loam,clay loam,and sandy loam)in major vegetable producing areas were adopted.Three irrigation lower limits for each soil texture were performed from fruiting period,including 60%,70%,and 80%of filed capacity.When soil water content dropped to irrigation lower limit,corresponding irrigation system initiated.The irrigation amount was the calculated variation of soil water content from irrigation lower limit to 90%of field capacity.Results showed that for loam,clay loam,and sandy loam,70%,60%,and 80%of field capacity were the optimal irrigation limits for high-yield cucumber cultivation,which could reach up to 110800,130300,and 125000 kg•hm^(-2),respectively,together with high irrigation water use efficiency,which could reach up to 45.1,42.3,and 45.3 kg•m^(-3),respectively.For loam,clay loam,and sandy loam,60%,80%,and 60%of field capacity were the recommended irrigation limits to obtain high contents of soluble sugar and vitamin C,respectively.

关 键 词：黄瓜 日光温室 灌溉 土壤质地 高产 优质 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]