Chromosome-scale genomes of Quercus sichourensis and Quercus rex provide insights into the evolution and adaptation of Fagaceae  

作　　者：Xue Liu Weixiong Zhang Yongting Zhang Jing Yang Peng Zeng Zunzhe Tian Weibang Sun Jing Cai 

机构地区：[1]Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection,School of Ecology and Environment,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710072,China [2]Yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China

出　　处：《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》2024年第5期554-565,共12页遗传学报（英文版）

基　　金：“the Thousand Talents Plan”(5113190037 to J.C.);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3102019JC007);Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(2017FY100100);NSFC(National Natural Science Foundation of China)-Yunnan Joint Fund(U1302262).

摘　　要：The Fagaceae,a plant family with a wide distribution and diverse adaptability,has garnered significant interest as a subject of study in plant speciation and adaptation.Meanwhile,certain Fagaceae species are regarded as highly valuable wood resources due to the exceptional quality of their wood.In this study,we present two high-quality,chromosome-scale genome sequences for Quercus sichourensis(848.75 Mb)and Quercus rex(883.46 Mb).Comparative genomics analysis reveals that the difference in the number of plant disease resistance genes and the nonsynonymous and synonymous substitution ratio(Ka/Ks)of protein-coding genes among Fagaceae species are related to different environmental adaptations.Interestingly,most genes related to starch synthesis in the investigated Quercoideae species are located on a single chromosome,as compared to the outgroup species,Fagus sylvatica.Furthermore,resequencing and population analysis of Q.sichourensis and Q.rex reveal that Q.sichourensis has lower genetic diversity and higher deleterious mutations compared to Q.rex.The high-quality,chromosome-level genomes and the population genomic analysis of the critically endangered Q.sichourensis and Q.rex will provide an invaluable resource as well as insights for future study in these two species,even the genus Quercus,to facilitate their conservation.

关 键 词：ADAPTATION Quercus sichourensis Quercusrex Chromosome-scale genome assembly Tandem duplication genes Extremely small populations 

分 类 号：S663.3[农业科学—果树学] S897.3[农业科学—园艺学]