考虑装配工艺的螺栓连接转子系统振动特性研究  

Study on the Vibration Characteristics of Bolted Joint Rotor System Considering Assembly Technology

作　　者：罗忠[1,2] 石宝龙 吴法勇 李玉奇 刘凯宁[1,2] 张小霞 LUO Zhong;SHI Baolong;WU Fayong;LI Yuqi;LIU Kaining;ZHANG Xiaoxia(School of Mechanical Engineering&Automation,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819;Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion System Ministry of Education,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819;AECC Shenyang Engine Research Institute,Shenyang 110015;School of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545006)

机构地区：[1]东北大学机械工程与自动化学院,沈阳110819 [2]东北大学航空动力装备振动及控制教育部重点实验室,沈阳110819 [3]中国航发沈阳发动机研究所,沈阳110015 [4]广西科技大学机械与交通工程学院,柳州545006

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2024年第8期396-406,共11页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：广东省粤佛联合重点基金(2020B1515120015);国家自然科学基金(11872148)资助项目。

摘　　要：针对由装配工艺引起的航空发动机螺栓连接转子系统振动问题,基于ANSYS仿真分析了螺栓装配顺序对连接结构时变弯曲刚度的影响,以及螺栓预紧力不平衡产生的转子转轴初始变形。基于有限元法建立螺栓连接转子系统动力学模型,螺栓连接结构由两节点连接单元模拟。采用Newmark-β法求解运动方程,研究装配顺序对转子系统临界转速及其对应振幅的影响,并基于螺栓连接转子试验台开展试验验证了理论分析结果的正确性。研究发现,螺栓在顺序拧紧和交叉拧紧时连接结构弯曲刚度均呈现分段线性特性,而交叉拧紧比顺序拧紧拥有更大且更加对称的的残余预紧力,因此交叉拧紧的转轴初始变形较小,对应连接结构的第一阶段弯曲刚度较大,使得转子系统一阶临界转速高于顺序拧紧;转轴初始变形会影响转子系统时域振幅。螺栓装配工艺的考虑有助于进一步掌握螺栓连接结构对转子系统响应特性的影响。Aiming to the vibration problem of the bolted rotor system caused by the assembly process of the aero-engine,the effect of bolts assembly sequence on time-varying bending stiffness of connected structure and the initial deformation of rotor shaft caused by unbalanced preload were analyzed by the ANSYS.The dynamic model of bolted rotor system was established based on finite element method,and the bolted connection structure was simulated by two joint elements.The effect of assembly sequence on the critical speed and its corresponding amplitude was studied by the Newmark-βmethod,The validity of the theoretical analysis results is verified by experiments on a bolted rotor test rig.Results show that the bending stiffness exhibits piecewise linear characteristics when bolts are tightened in sequential and cross tightening,and the residual preload of cross-tightening is larger and more symmetrical than sequential tightening,so the cross-tightening shows the smaller initial deformation of rotor shaft and the larger first stage bending stiffness of corresponding connection structure,which lead the first-order critical speed of rotor system is higher than sequential tightening.The initial deformation of the rotor shaft will affect the time domain amplitude of the rotor system.The bolted assembly technology is researched to further understand the effect of bolted connection structure on the response characteristics of rotor system.

关 键 词：螺栓连接 转子系统 装配顺序 预紧力不平衡 振动特性 

分 类 号：V232[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]