水球运动中动体运动最优模式研究  

Research on the Optimal Mode of Motion in Water Polo

作　　者：唐椿琛 连江滨 徐安源 王颖 王嘉才 Chunchen Tang;Jiangbin Lian;Anyuan Xu;Ying Wang;Jiacai Wang(School of Science,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学理学院,江苏镇江

出　　处：《建模与仿真》2024年第3期2943-2953,共11页Modeling and Simulation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金11547024资助。

摘　　要：水球(Water polo),又称为“水上足球”,是一种结合游泳、手球和排球在水中进行的集体球类运动。在进行其中动体双腿水中运动维持平衡的研究,有必要从理论分析水球运动员在水中保持平衡的受力情况和基本的力学规律,以得到一正常体型(胖瘦)的成人如果使得双臂能够在水面之上,双腿在最低身体能耗条件下需要交替下蹬(踩水)的频率。基于水球运动员踩水的一般规律,本文通过动力学分析和运动学分析,建立了人体的四刚体模型。针对该模型,本文参考HANAVAN等人对人体动力学研究中的相关数据,对模型中的未知参数进行求解,得到了一个确定的模型。为了得到最低蹬水频率,使水球运动员保持最低身体能耗,本文采用遗传法并以蹬水频率作为个体的适应度,对其进行求解。为了验证模型的稳定性与可靠性,本文将遗传算法求解的结果进行灵敏度分析,分析得出使人体保持稳定的最低踩水频率为2.5 Hz。Water polo,also known as“water football,”is a collective ball game that combines swimming,handball,and volleyball in the water.While conducting practical leg alternative balancing motion,it is necessary to analyze the force situation and basic mechanical laws of water polo players in maintaining balance in water from a theoretical perspective,in order to obtain the frequency at which a normal body shape(fat and thin)adult needs to alternately push(step on the water)their legs under the minimum body energy consumption condition if their arms can be above the water surface.Based on the general law of water polo players stepping on water,this article establishes a four rigid body model of the human body through dynamic and kinematic analysis.For this model,this article refers to the relevant data from HANAVAN et al.’s research on human dynamics,solves the unknown parameters in the model,and obtains a definite model.In order to obtain the minimum kicking frequency and maintain the lowest physical energy consumption of water polo players,this paper uses genetic algorithm and takes the kicking frequency as the individual fitness to solve it.In order to verify the stability and reliability of the model,this paper conducts sensitivity analysis on the results solved by genetic algorithm,and finds that the minimum frequency of water stepping that can keep the human body stable is 2.5 Hz.

关 键 词：动力学原理 蹬水频率 人体四刚体模型 遗传算法 

分 类 号：G86[文化科学—体育训练]