基于图像处理技术识别伪造指纹的研究  

Research on Identification of Forged Fingerprints Based on Image Processing Technology

作　　者：姚坤满 麦宗焕 戴文聪 葛鸿俊 许梓韬 张明辉[2] YAO Kunman;MAI Zonghuan;DAI Wencong;GE Hongjun;XU Zitao;ZHANG Minghui(Police Experiment and Training Center,Guangdong Police College,Guangzhou 510440,China;Department of Criminal Technology,Guangdong Police College,Guangzhou 510440,China)

机构地区：[1]广东警官学院警务实验实训中心,广东广州510440 [2]广东警官学院刑事技术系,广东广州510440

出　　处：《中国人民公安大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期1-6,共6页Journal of People’s Public Security University of China(Science and Technology)

基　　金：广东警官学院2021年度省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202111110007);2023年度广东省普通高校青年创新人才类项目(2023KQNCX049);2024年广东省科技创新战略专项资金(大学生科技创新培育)项目(pdjh2024b275)。

摘　　要：伪造指纹迷惑性强,对社会危害大,急需开发高效、精确的伪造指纹识别技术。采用图像处理技术可以提高伪造指纹的识别效率和准确性。实验制作了复印、打印、硅胶膜和光敏指纹章盖印的指纹,与直接捺印指纹进行人工和系统自动比对纹线特征点,发现伪造指纹能达到与真实指纹同一认定的条件。采用Adobe Photoshop、Open CV计算机视觉库和Image pro plus图像处理软件,对指纹图像的细节进行深入分析,并提取重要特征,如颜色和墨迹分布,来识别和区分真假指纹。通过对比分析指纹图像中的黄色和蓝色墨点,可以识别是捺印指纹还是打印复印指纹。同时,分析指纹颜色对比度和宽度的变化能够识别硅胶膜和光敏指纹章伪造指纹。因此,图像处理技术能显著增强伪造指纹检测的多维度分析能力,为指纹识别领域提供了科学、具象的证据支持。Fingerprint forgery is highly deceptive and significantly threats to the society,so it is urgent to develop efficient and accurate forged fingerprint detection technologies.Image processing can be utilized to improve the efficiency and accuracy of forged fingerprint identification.Experiments were conducted u⁃sing fingerprints made by photocopying,printing,silicone film,and photosensitive fingerprint seals.These fingerprints were then manually and automatically compared with directly pressed fingerprints,re⁃vealing that forged fingerprints could achieve the same identification conditions as real fingerprints.Adobe Photoshop,the Open sourve Computer Vision Library and Image Pro Plus image processing software were utilized for in⁃depth analysis of the fingerprint images to extract crucial features,such as color and ink distribution,by which real and fake fingerprints could be identified and differentiated.By comparing and analyzing the yellow and blue ink dots within the fingerprint images,it was possible to identify whether a fingerprint was printed or photocopied.Additionally,by examining changes of color contrast and width of the fingerprints,forged fingerprints made with silicone film and photosensitive seals could be identified.Therefore,image processing technology can significantly enhance the multi⁃dimensional analytical capa⁃bilities of forged fingerprint detection,providing scientific and tangible evidence support for fingerprint recognition.

关 键 词：伪造指纹 图像处理 识别 硅胶膜 指纹章 

分 类 号：D918.91[政治法律—法学]