冀西北青贮玉米耐寒抗旱种植及果穗青贮技术研究  

Cold-resistant and drought-resistant plantingand ear silage technology of silage maize in Northwest Hebei Province

作　　者：张靓瑶 王凤霞 徐浩策 张赫楠 刘颖慧[1] 郭江[1] 袁进成[1] ZHANG Jing-yao;WANG Feng-xia;XU Hao-ce;ZHANG He-nan;LIU Ying-hui;GUO Jiang;YUAN Jin-cheng

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第10期113-117,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：教育部、中国科协、农业农村部科技小院“河北省杂交与优质谷子现代种业科技创新团队(项目编号:21326302D)”;张家口市重点研发计划项目(项目编号:2221036C)。

摘　　要：为使冀西北农牧交错区青贮玉米增产提质,优化青贮技术,试验以德美亚1号、郑单958和先玉335为试验材料,设置不同药剂浸种和不同果穗青贮比例,测定青贮玉米出苗率、根系指标、干物质积累规律、产量和青贮品质等指标。结果表明:不同种子处理下青贮玉米的根系长势不一致,表现为大葱液处理和纳米胶处理根系长势旺盛,根长和根干重增加显著;3个品种中大葱液处理郑单958的产量最高,鲜产量为148.2 t/hm2,生物产量为27.9 t/hm2;青贮饲料中的粗灰分、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量与茎含量呈正相关,淀粉、粗脂肪、泌乳净能以及干物质含量与茎含量呈负相关;全果穗青贮饲料营养品质高于其他青贮方式,粗蛋白含量为10.3%,较全株青贮增加了21.18%。研究表明,大葱液浸种处理可加速青贮玉米出苗,提高出苗率,对玉米植株干物质积累量及产量的影响优于其他处理,增产效果显著。德美亚1号的产量和青贮品质在冀西北坝上地区表现优于先玉335和郑单958。果穗青贮的粗蛋白含量更高。In order to increase the yield and improve the quality of silage maize and optimize the silage technology in the farming-pastoral ecotone of Northwest Hebei Province,the experiment used Demerial 1,Zhengdan 958,and Siengyu 335 as experimental materials.Different medicated seeds and different ear ensiling ratios were set to determine the seedling emergence rate,root index,dry matter accumulation rule,yield,and ensiling quality of maize.The results showed that the root growth of silage maize under different seed treatments was different,showing that the root growth of green onion liquid treatment and nano-gum treatment was vigorous,and the root length and root dry weight increased significantly.Among the three varieties,Zhengdan 958 treated with green onion soaking had the highest yield,with fresh yield of 148.2 t/hm2 and biological yield of 27.9 t/hm2.The contents of crude ash,neutral detergent fiber,and acid detergent fiber in silage were positively correlated with stem content,while the contents of starch,crude fat,lactating net energy,and dry matter were negatively correlated with stem content.The nutritional quality of whole ear silage was higher than other silage methods,and the crude protein content was 10.3%,which was 21.18%higher than that of whole plant silage.The study indicates that green onion soaking treatment can accelerate the emergence of silage maize and improve the emergence rate,the dry matter accumulation and yield of maize plants are better than other treatments,and the yield increase effect is remarkable.The yield and silage quality of Demerial 1 are better than Siengyu 335 and Zhengdan 958 in Bashang area of northwest Hebei Province.The crude protein content of ear silage is higher.

关 键 词：青贮玉米 冀西北 种子处理 果穗青贮 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]