天津市零售药店药学服务开展现状调查  

Investigation on the Current Situation of Pharmacy Services in Retail Pharmacies in Tianjin

作　　者：周玥 马向君 张启钧 谢国亮 李朝辉 Zhou Yue;Ma Xiangjun;Zhang Qijun;Xie Guoliang;Li Zhaohui(Certification Center for Licensed Pharmacist of NMPA,Beijing 100061,China)

机构地区：[1]国家药品监督管理局执业药师资格认证中心,北京100061

出　　处：《中国药事》2024年第6期712-723,共12页Chinese Pharmaceutical Affairs

摘　　要：目的:为提升零售药店执业药师药学服务水平提供参考。方法:设计调查问卷,对天津市零售药店的执业药师的药学服务开展现状进行调查,并就数据进行统计和分析。结果:共发放问卷3021份,回收有效问卷3001份,有效回收率为99.34%。被调查对象中大专及以上学历者占86.23%,(中)药学类专业人员占76.27%(47.95%+28.32%),副高级及以上职称人员仅占1.17%。参与调研的天津市各种类型药店均开展了较为详实的药学服务事项。但是非处方药店中药品安全及安全用药相关科普教育不足,在经营处方药及非处方药的零售药店,执业药师仅开展口头用药指导,在建立药历、开展用药情况追踪方面存在欠缺。慢性病管理药店,制定药学监护计划、分级分层管理疾病,用药疗效定期随访评估难以持续。医保药店中疗效追踪和安全性随访还有不足。直接面向患者提供专业服务的药房(DTP)中欠缺完整记录,长期随访不足。接入药品网络交易第三方平台药店的执业药师忙于订单核对、调配药品,用药交代没有落到实处。执业药师工作满意度达87.67%,执业药师对中成药推荐正确率27.16%,药品不良反应、患者教育相关知识掌握不精准。结论:执业药师队伍长足发展,但专业学历结构尚待优化;零售药店已逐步开展起基础的药学服务,但服务的水平和标准化程度尚待提高;执业药师工作满意度较高,但执业能力尚有差距。故提出鼓励零售药店开展多种类型及层次的药学服务满足公众多样化的社会需要;执业药师严守服务规范底线,不断提升执业能力素质;管理机构调动社会各界力量,提升执业药师职业荣誉感,增强职业吸引力,从而优化执业药师队伍结构,并采取一定措施,有效提升零售药店执业药师药学服务水平的建议。Objective:To provide a reference for improving the pharmacy service level of licensed pharmacists in retail pharmacies.Methods:A questionnaire was designed to investigate the current situation of pharmacy services of licensed pharmacists in retail pharmacies in Tianjin,and the data were statistically analyzed.Results:A total of 3021 questionnaires were distributed and 3001 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 99.34%.College or above accounted for 86.23%,pharmacy majors 76.27%,deputy senior titles only 1.17%.All types of pharmacies in Tianjin participated in the survey carried out more detailed pharmaceutical services.However,there was insufficient education on drug safety and safe drug use in nonprescription pharmacies.In retail pharmacies dealing with prescription drugs and non-prescription drugs,licensed pharmacists only carried out oral medication guidance,and there were deficiencies in establishing drug history and tracking drug use.Chronic disease management pharmacies,the development of pharmaceutical care plan,hierarchical management of disease,regular follow-up evaluation of drug efficacy was difficult to sustain.There were still insufficient efficacy tracking and safety follow-up in medical insurance pharmacies.Complete records in DTP pharmacies and long-term follow-up were insufficient.The licensed pharmacists who access to the thirdparty platform of drug network trading were busy with order verification and drug allocation,and the medication replacement had not been implemented.Job satisfaction of licensed pharmacists was 87.67%,the correct recommendation rate of licensed pharmacists for proprietary Chinese medicine were 27.16%,and the knowledge related to adverse reactions and patient education knowledge were not accurate.Conclusion:The number of licensed pharmacists has developed rapidly,but the professional education structure needs to be optimized.Social pharmacies have gradually developed basic pharmaceutical care,but the level and standardization of service need

关 键 词：零售药店 药学服务 调查 执业药师 队伍建设 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]