长江滩地不同土地利用类型土壤微生物与理化性质及其对钉螺分布的影响  

Soil microorganisms and physicochemical properties in marshlands along the Yangtze River basin at different types of land use and their effects on distribution of Oncomelania hupensis snails

作　　者：何欢 周金星[1,2,3] 高梓欣 陆子淳 代仁龙 胡兴宜[4] 庞宏东[4] HE Huan;ZHOU Jinxing;GAO Zixin;LU Zichun;DAI Renlong;HU Xingyi;PANG Hongdong(State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Jianshui Research Station,School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering,Ministry of Education,School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Hubei Academy of Forestry,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学云南建水荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,北京100083 [3]林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心、北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [4]湖北省林业科学研究院

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2024年第2期148-153,200,共7页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32271743);国家林业和草原局业务委托项目(2022ZXHTSBXY005,2022ZXHTSBXY002);北京林业大学“5·5工程”科研创新团队项目(BLRC2023B09)。

摘　　要：目的 调查长江滩地不同土地利用类型土壤微生物群落、理化性质及钉螺分布特征,探索土壤微生物与理化性质对钉螺分布的影响,从而为长江滩地抑螺防病提供科学依据。方法 2021年4月选取杨农复合、芦苇地、农业耕地、沟渠4种土地利用类型长江滩地为研究对象,调查不同土地利用类型滩地钉螺分布、土壤理化性质,对土壤中细菌16S核糖体RNA(16S ribosomal RNA,16S r RNA)基因V3~V4区、土壤中真菌内转录间隔区1(internal transcribed spacer-1,ITS1)基因、土壤中藻类核酮糖二磷酸羧化酶(ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase,rbc L)基因进行高通量测序。比较不同土地利用类型滩地活螺框出现率和活螺密度,采用Pearson相关性分析探究土壤微生物、理化性质与活螺密度间的关系,采用方差分解分析估算土壤微生物、理化性质对活螺密度的贡献率。结果 不同土地利用类型滩地中,沟渠活螺框出现率[(4.94±2.14)%]和活螺密度[(0.070±0.026)只/0.1 m^(2)]最高,农业耕地活螺框出现率[(1.23±1.23)%]和活螺密度[(0.016±0.019)只/0.1 m^(2)]最低。在不同土地利用类型土壤中共检测到2个门、5个纲、8个目、9个科、11个属藻类,其中绿藻门为优势藻门、拟新绿藻属为优势藻属;在不同土地利用类型土壤中共检测到44个门、134个纲、281个目、338个科、516个属细菌,其中变形菌门、酸杆菌门为主要优势菌门,未培养的酸杆菌属、MND1属、硝化螺旋菌属、赭黄嗜盐囊菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属为优势菌属;在不同土地利用类型土壤中共检测到11个门、41个纲、108个目、223个科、408个属真菌,其中子囊菌门、担子菌门、被孢霉门相对丰度较高,枝鼻菌属、被孢霉属、腐质霉属相对丰度较高。Pearson相关性分析显示,活螺密度与变形菌门相对丰度(r=-0.965,P <0.05)及土壤电导率(r=-0.962,P <0.05)呈显著负相关、与土壤含水量呈显著正相关(r=0.951,P Objective To investigating the microbial communities and physicochemical properties of soil and distribution of Oncomelania hupensis snails in marshlands along the Yangtze River basin at different types of land use,and to examine the effects of soil microorganisms and physicochemical properties on snail distribution,so as to provide insights into snail control and schistosomiasis prevention in marshland along the Yangtze River basin.Methods Marshlands with four types of land use were selected along the Yangtze River basin on April 2021,including poplar forest-crops integrated planting,reed areas,agricultural cultivation lands and ditches.The distribution of snails and physicochemical properties of soil were investigated in marshlands with different types of land use,and the V3 to V4 regions of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA(16S rRNA)gene,fungal internal transcribed spacer-1(ITS1)gene and algal ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase(rbcL)gene in soils were subjected to high-throughput sequencing.The occurrence of frames with living snails and density of living snails were compared in marshland with different types of land use.The associations of soil microorganisms and physicochemical properties with the density of living snails were examined using Pearson correlation analysis,and the contributions of soil microorganisms and physicochemical properties to the density of living snails were evaluated using variance partitioning analysis.Results In marshlands with four types of land use,the greatest occurrence of frames with living snails[(4.94±2.14)%]and density of living snails[(0.070±0.026)snails/0.1 m^(2)]were seen in ditches,and the lowest were found in[(1.23±1.23)%]agricultural cultivation lands[(0.016±0.019)snails/0.1 m^(2)].A total of 2 phyla,5 classes,8 orders,9 families and 11 genera of algae were detected in soils at four types of land use,with Chlorophyta as the dominant phylum and Pseudoneochloris as the dominant genus.A total of 44 phyla,134 classes,281 orders,338 families and 516 genera of bacteria were

关 键 词：钉螺 土壤 微生物群落 理化性质 土地利用 长江 高通量测序 

分 类 号：R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]