基于CSLE模型的大连市果园土壤侵蚀特征研究  

The spatio-temporal characteristics of soil erosion in orchards of Dalian City based on the CSLE model

作　　者：纪昕雨 于悦[1] 张思帆 刘媛媛[1] JI Xinyu;YU Yue;ZHANG Sifan;LIU Yuanyuan(School of Geography Science,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学地理科学学院,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期117-124,共8页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：2023年度林草软科学项目(2023131020);国家林业和草原局西北调查规划院科技创新项目(XBY-KJCX-2022-2)。

摘　　要：【目的】定量分析大连市果园土壤侵蚀状况和时空分异特征,并探究其主要影响因素,为大连市果园产业的健康发展和生态保护提供参考。【方法】基于在线地理大数据和目视解译结果,利用中国土壤流失方程(Chinese soil lose equation,CSLE),得出大连市果园土壤侵蚀特征,分析研究区土壤侵蚀动态变化及影响因素。【结果】(1)大连市土壤侵蚀面积约占大连市总面积的40%,北部及南部的山地丘陵区侵蚀较严重;(2)2015—2020年大连市果园平均土壤侵蚀模数依次为1230.29、1150.95、2311.36、6384.55、3399.60和3484.24 t/(km^(2)·a),以微度侵蚀和轻度侵蚀为主,强烈及以上等级侵蚀主要分布在甘井子区、金州区和旅顺口区;(3)大连市果园土壤侵蚀主要分布于坡度25°以下等级以及500~900 mm降雨等级区;(4)大棚覆盖可以减少设施大棚果园和露地/设施大棚果园的土壤侵蚀,对于露地果园,植被覆盖度则能够有效降低果园水土流失。【结论】大连市果园土壤侵蚀具有南高北低的空间分布特征,适当提高设施大棚覆盖面积、增加露地大棚的植被盖度并合理选择果园位置,是今后治理果园土壤水土流失以及促进果园产业高效可持续发展的关键。【Objective】The orchards in Dalian City suffer from soil erosion due to vigorous developmental activities.This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the status of soil erosion,determine the spatio-temporal characteristics of soil erosion in orchards in Dalian City,and explore the key factors that influence soil erosion.The results can provide significant insights for the healthy development and ecological protection of the orchard industry in Dalian City.【Method】The characteristics of soil erosion in orchards in Dalian City were assessed by using the Chinese soil loss equation(CSLE)model,based on geographic big data available online.The results were visually interpreted,and the dynamic changes and factors influencing soil erosion in the study area were subsequently analyzed.【Result】The area of soil erosion constituted approximately 40% of the total area of Dalian City,and the erosion was serious in the northern and southern mountainous and hilly regions.The average soil erosion modulus of the orchards in Dalian City was 1230.29,1150.95,2311.36,6384.55,3399.60 and 3484.24 t/(km^(2)·a)in 2015,2016,2017,2018,2019 and 2020,respectively.Analysis of the intensity of soil erosion primarily revealed micro and slight erosion.Strong and above grade erosion was primarily observed in Ganjingzi,Jinzhou,and Lüshunkou District.Soil erosion was primarily observed in slope grades below 25°and in regions with rainfall grades ranging between 500 and 900 mm.The finding revealed that greenhouse coverage could reduce soil erosion in greenhouse orchards and open field/facility orchards,and vegetation coverage could effectively reduce soil erosion in open field orchards.【Conclusion】Soil erosion in the orchards in Dalian City exhibits obvious spatial distribution characteristics in that the intensity of erosion is high in the south and low in the north area.The successful control of soil erosion in orchards and the efficient promotion and sustainable development of the orchard industry can be achieved in future by incre

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 土壤侵蚀模数 CSLE模型 设施大棚 大连市果园 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]