物理诱变技术在提升有益微生物拮抗香蕉真菌病原菌方面的研究进展  

Physical Mutagenesis Technology in Enhancing Antagonism of Beneficial Microorganisms Against Banana Fungal Pathogens:A Review

作　　者：吴丽[1,2] 王永芬 余宏伟 丁明碧 白亭亭 李舒[2] 郑泗军 WU Li;WANG Yongfen;YU Hongwei;DING Mingbi;BAI Tingting;LI Shu;ZHENG Sijun(Resource Plant Research Institute,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests/Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205;Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Economic Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Longyang 678000;Bioversity International,Kunming 650205)

机构地区：[1]云南大学资源植物研究院,昆明650500 [2]云南省农业跨境有害生物绿色防控重点实验室,云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明650205 [3]云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南隆阳678000 [4]国际生物多样性中心,昆明650205

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2024年第18期115-124,共10页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：云南省万人计划“云岭学者”项目(YNWR-YLXZ-2018-018);国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency)项目“An IntegrativeApproach to Enhance Disease Resistance Against Fusarium Wilt(Foc TR4)in Banana–Phase II”(D23033-26673)。

摘　　要：香蕉真菌性病害是香蕉生产中的主要病害之一,可严重阻碍香蕉产业的可持续发展。而生物防治技术,尤其是利用生防菌的策略,为该问题提供了一个可持续的解决方案。尽管生物防治具有潜在的应用前景,但生防菌在田间的有效定殖和稳定防病能力仍是挑战。本研究聚焦于物理诱变技术对生防菌的改良效果,旨在提升其对香蕉真菌性病原的拮抗能力。利用物理诱变技术对生防菌株进行诱变改良可显著提高生防菌对寄主的定殖能力和病害的防治效果。为了明确物理诱变技术对提升生防菌田间防效的作用,本文综合分析了不同物理诱变技术的类型、作用机理以及它们在提升生防菌拮抗真菌病原体中的应用。同时,文中还探讨了突变菌株筛选与鉴定的方法,并对比了各技术的优缺点。特别指出了传统物理诱变技术在控制突变方向、提高效率及稳定性方面的局限,并提出了离子束、脉冲强光和空间诱变等新型物理诱变技术的潜在优势。通过归纳现有研究和展望未来发展方向,本文旨在为物理诱变技术在增强生防菌对植物病害防治效果的应用提供理论依据,并对其在未来香蕉真菌性病害管理中的应用潜力进行展望。Banana fungal disease is one of the main diseases in banana production,which can seriously hinder the sustainable development of banana industry.The biological control based on biocontrol bacteria has great application prospects in the prevention and control of banana fungal diseases.However,the effective colonization of biocontrol bacteria to the host in the field and its stability of disease prevention ability have always been the problems to be solved.The mutation and improvement of biocontrol strains by physical mutagenesis technology can significantly improve the colonization ability of biocontrol bacteria to hosts and the control effect of diseases.In order to elucidate the impact of physical mutagenesis technology on improving the field control efficiency of biocontrol bacteria,this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the various types and mechanisms of physical mutagenesis technology,as well as its application in antagonizing bacteria.Additionally,it summarizes the utilization of physical mutagenesis in improving the resistance of beneficial microorganisms to banana fungus pathogens,along with the screening and identification methods for mutant strains.Furthermore,an analysis is conducted on the advantages and disadvantages associated on each mutagenesis technology.It is pointed out that the physical mutagenesis technology has some problems of difficulty to master the direction of induced mutation,low efficiency and instability.In order to address these limitations,novel physical mutagenesis techniques such as ion beam,intense pulsed light and space mutagenesis are proposed.The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive reference for the application of physical mutagenesis technology in enhancing the efficacy of biocontrol bacteria for plant disease management.The application prospect of physical mutagenesis technology in enhancing antagonistic bacteria on banana fungal pathogens is also discussed.

关 键 词：真菌性病原 香蕉枯萎病 生防菌 物理诱变 诱变育种 生物防治 拮抗菌 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]