南通市蜱类分布及大别班达病毒和立克次体携带情况调查  

Distribution of ticks and the carrying status of Dabie bandavirus and Rickettsia in Nantong

作　　者：袁建明[1] 翟云鹏 焦雪莉 张鑫 苏婧[1] YUAN Jianming;ZHAI Yunpeng;JIAO Xueli;ZHANG Xin;SU Jing(Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nantong,Jiangsu 226007,China)

机构地区：[1]南通市疾病预防控制中心,江苏南通226007

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2024年第3期272-276,共5页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：南通市卫生健康委员会科研课题专项(MS2023092)。

摘　　要：目的 了解南通市蜱种类分布特点及对大别班达病毒和立克次体的携带情况,为蜱传疾病的防制提供依据。方法 于2022—2023年在南通市选择7个乡镇(街道)作为监测点,采用布旗法捕捉游离蜱,采用体表检蜱法收集动物体表寄生蜱。对蜱标本进行种类鉴别后,分别采用反转录实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)和qPCR方法检测蜱标本中大别班达病毒和立克次体核酸。结果 调查发现3种血蜱、1种扇头蜱;游离蜱和寄生蜱的优势蜱种均为褐黄血蜱,其次为长角血蜱。游离蜱平均密度指数为0.36只/(布旗·100 m),家养动物平均染蜱率为9.80%,平均蜱指数为0.16只/宿主。48组蜱标本中3组检出大别班达病毒核酸阳性,阳性率为6.25%;28组检出立克次体阳性,阳性率为58.33%。结论 蜱普遍存在于南通市野外及居民区周边环境,家养动物体表较易检出,有传播大别班达病毒和立克次体病原的风险,应加强监测。Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of ticks and the presence of Dabie bandavirus and Rickettsia in Nantong City,so as to provide the foundation for the prevention and control of tick-borne diseases.Methods Seven towns(blocks)were selected as the monitoring sites in Nantong from 2022 to 2023.Off-host ticks were captured by flagging method,and on-host ticks were collected by surface detection method.After tick species identification,the nucleic acids of Dabie bandavirus and Rickettsia were detected using RT-qPCR and qPCR,respectively.Results Three species of Haemaphysalis and one species of Rhipicephalus were found.The dominant species found both on and off hosts was Haemaphysalis flava,followed by Haemaphysalis longicornis.The average density of off-host ticks was 0.36 ticks/(flag·100 m),the average infestation rate of ticks on domestic animals was 9.80%,and the average tick index was 0.16 ticks per host.Out of 48 groups of tick samples,3 groups were tested positive for Dabie bandavirus nucleic acid,with a positive rate of 6.25%.Rickettsial infection was detected in 28 groups,with a positive rate of 58.33%.Conclusion Ticks are commonly found in the fields and surrounding environments of residential areas in Nantong,and can be easily spotted on the bodies of domestic animals.Ticks have a risk of transmitting Dabie bandavirus and Rickettsia,so the surveillance should be strengthened.

关 键 词：游离蜱 寄生蜱 SFTS 大别班达病毒 立克次体 候鸟 

分 类 号：R384.4[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] R184.3[医药卫生—基础医学]