黑翅土白蚁新巢内蚁巢伞真菌菌种来源研究  

A Study on the origin of Termitomyces spp.in the new nest of Odontotermes formosanus Shiraki

作　　者：龚跃刚 李吴晗 莫建初[2] GONG Yuegang;LI Wuhan;MO Jianchu(Property Management Division of Deqing County,Deqing,Zhejiang 313299,China;Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests,Institute of Insect Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]德清县房产管理处,浙江德清313299 [2]浙江大学昆虫科学研究所,农业农村部作物病虫害分子生物学重点实验室,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2024年第3期281-285,300,共6页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32071771)。

摘　　要：目的 探索黑翅土白蚁Odontotermes formosanus Shiraki巢内菌圃上关键共生真菌蚁巢伞Termitomyces spp.的来源,为黑翅土白蚁的防治提供科学依据。方法 在野外捕捉黑翅土白蚁分飞繁殖蚁,待其脱翅配对后,分成4组(土壤带菌与不带菌、白蚁体表用蒸馏水冲洗与不冲洗)在室内条件下饲养,130d后拆开蚁巢检查巢内菌圃修建和白蚁生长情况。结果 分飞期捕捉到的黑翅土白蚁繁殖蚁室内配对后,在无外来菌种供给的情况下可成功建立具有蚁巢伞的菌圃,这类新巢群的比例占配对总数的20%~22%,使用蒸馏水反复冲洗繁殖蚁体表不影响菌圃出现蚁巢伞的新巢比例(20%);利用野外未灭菌的土壤饲养配对的黑翅土白蚁繁殖蚁,其菌圃内具有蚁巢伞的新巢比例明显提高,达到了33%。结论 黑翅土白蚁新巢内菌圃上蚁巢伞的菌种传播方式为垂直传播,新巢内菌圃上的蚁巢伞来源于繁殖蚁体内的肠道系统。不过,黑翅土白蚁的工蚁也可从自然环境中采集蚁巢伞真菌孢子,构建具有蚁巢伞的菌圃,提高新建巢群的存活比例。Objective This study aims to explore the source of the key symbiotic fungus Termitomyces spp.in the nest of Odontotermes formosanus Shiraki,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of O.formosanus.Methods O.formosanus were caught during their mating flight period in the wild,and make their marriage match.They were divided into four groups(soil with and without fungus,and termite surface was washed with distilled water or not)and raised under indoor conditions.After 130 days,these nests were opened to inspect the construction of the combs and termites growth inside the nest.Results The O.formosanus captured during the separate flight period successfully established the comb with Termitomyces spp.in the indoor conditions without foreign fungi species.The proportion of these new nests accounted for 20%-22%of the total number of pairs.Repeated rinsing of the reproductive termite surface with distilled water did not affect the proportion of new nests with Termitomyces spp.in the comb(20%);the proportion of O.formosanus which cultured in non sterilized soil to establish a comb was significantly increased,reaching 33%.Conclusion The transmission mode of Termitomyces spp.on the new nest of O.formosanus is vertical transmission,and the Termitomyces spp.on the new nest comes from the intestinal system of the reproductive termites.However,the worker-priest can also collect fungal spores to their nests in the natural environment,construct a comb with Termitomyces spp.,and improve the survival rate of newly built nests.

关 键 词：黑翅土白蚁 培菌白蚁 共生真菌 蚁巢伞 菌种来源 

分 类 号：S186[农业科学—农业基础科学]