碘与甲状腺:先天性甲状腺功能减退症的发现史  

Iodine and thyroid:The discovery of congenital hypothyroidism

作　　者：刘启满 唐文佩[1] Liu Qiman;Tang Wenpei(School of Health Humanities,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学人文学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中华围产医学杂志》2024年第6期525-528,共4页Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine

基　　金：中国科协科技智库青年人才计划(20230504ZZ07240095)。

摘　　要：本文详细梳理了先天性甲状腺功能减退症(先天性甲减)的发现历程。世界各大文明早有关于缺碘性甲状腺肿以及克汀病的记载,但碘与甲状腺肿的关系直到19世纪初的欧洲才被发现。随着解剖学及临床实践对甲状腺认识的逐渐深入,到19世纪末,欧洲的医生们才确认甲状腺功能停滞会导致克汀病。同时,经来自欧洲多国的医生讨论与研究,“先天性甲减”这一现代医学术语首先在英国取代“克汀病”被广泛接受。This paper meticulously traces the discovery of congenital hypothyroidism.Throughout the history of medical science,civilizations around the world have documented cases of iodine deficiency goiter and cretinism.However,the relationship between iodine and goiter was not recognized until the early 19th century in Europe.Anatomical knowledge and clinical practice concerning the thyroid gland deepened,by the end of the 19th century,European physicians confirmed that a malfunction in thyroid could lead to cretinism.Following discussions and studies by doctors from various European countries,the modern medical term"congenital hypothyroidism"was intially used in the United Kingdom,replacing"cretinism",and then widely accepted.

关 键 词：先天性甲状腺功能减退症 碘 甲状腺肿 

分 类 号：R581.2[医药卫生—内分泌]