等幅宽带状轮作对夏玉米、花生光合性能和产量的影响  

Effects of Equal Width Strip Rotation on Photosynthetic Performance and Yield of Summer Maize and Peanut

作　　者：慕丽 赵泽钰 朱英华[1] 卞仕乐 王成雨[1] MU Li;ZHAO Ze-yu;ZHU Ying-hua;BIAN Shi-le;WANG Cheng-yu(Agricultural College,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《玉米科学》2024年第4期77-84,共8页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(SQ2023YFD2300033-4-5)。

摘　　要：为探明淮北平原等幅宽带状轮作对夏玉米、花生光合性能及产量的影响,以夏玉米品种郑单958和花生品种鲁花8号为试验材料,以夏玉米和花生连作为对照(CK),设置夏玉米花生等幅宽带状交替轮作,2020-2021年在安徽农业大学皖北试验站进行大田试验,分析等幅宽带状轮作对夏玉米和花生光合性能、干物质积累、产量及土地当量比的影响。结果表明,与连作相比,等幅宽带状轮作夏玉米单株叶面积和叶绿素含量在花期后显著增加,净光合速率在子粒建成期后显著提高;等幅宽带状轮作花生单株叶面积和净光合速率在整个生育期均显著提高,叶绿素含量在结荚期前显著增加。与连作相比,等幅宽带状轮作夏玉米和花生的产量、整株干重显著增加,提高了土地当量比。综上,在等幅宽带状轮作种植下,夏玉米和花生的光合性能、干物质积累、产量及土地当量比评估较连作有显著改善和提高,对充分利用环境资源、改善作物连作障碍、提高作物产量有积极作用。This study aimed to investigate the effect of equal width strip rotation on photosynthetic performance and yield of summer maize and peanut in Huaibei Plain,the summer maize variety Zhengdan958 and summer peanut variety Luhua No.8 were used as experimental materials,and summer maize and peanut were used as control(CK).The equal width strip alternating rotation of summer maize and peanut was set up,and field experiments were carried out at the Wanbei Experimental Station of Anhui Agricultural University from 2020 to 2021.The effects of equal width strip rotation on photosynthetic performance,dry matter accumulation,yield and land equivalent ratio were analyzed.The results showed that,compared with continuous cropping,the leaf area per plant and chlorophyll content of summer maize in equal width strip rotation increased significantly after flowering,and the net photosynthetic rate increased significantly after grain establishment;the leaf area per plant and net photosynthetic rate of peanut in equal width strip rotation were significantly increased during the whole growth period,and chlorophyll content increased significantly before the podding stage.Compared with continuous cropping,the yield and dry weight of whole plant of summer maize and peanut in equal width strip rotation increased significantly,and the land equivalent ratio was improved.In conclusion,under the equal width strip rotation,the photosynthetic performance,dry matter accumulation,yield and land equivalent ratio of summer maize and peanut have been significantly improved and increased compared with continuous cropping,which have a positive effect on making full use of environmental resources,improving obstacles of continuous cropping,and increasing crop yield.

关 键 词：夏玉米 淮北平原 等幅宽带状轮作 花生 光合性能 产量 土地当量比 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]