湘南铜山岭铜铅锌矿床闪锌矿矿物化学特征及其成矿指示意义  

Mineral chemical characteristics of sphalerites from the Tongshanling Cu-Pb-Zn deposit in southern Hunan and their metallogenic implications

作　　者：黄旭栋 陆建军[2] 高剑峰[3] 章荣清[2] SIZARET Stanislas 马东升[2] 王汝成[2] HUANG Xu-dong;LU Jian-jun;GAO Jian-feng;ZHANG Rong-qing;SIZARET Stanislas;MA Dong-sheng;WANG Ru-cheng(School of Marine Science and Engineering,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research,School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry,Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550081,China;Institut des Sciences de la Terre d’Orléans,UMR 7327-CNRS/Universitéd’Orléans/BRGM,Orléans 45071,France)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学海洋科学与工程学院,南京210023 [2]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室,南京210023 [3]中国科学院地球化学研究所,矿床地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550081 [4]Institut des Sciences de la Terre d’Orléans,UMR 7327-CNRS/Universitéd’Orléans/BRGM,Orléans 45071,France

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2024年第2期387-402,共16页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41903039,42025301);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2019M661792);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(12120113067300);国家留学基金中法蔡元培交流合作项目。

摘　　要：为探讨湘南铜山岭铜铅锌矿床的形成过程,本文对不同类型矿石中的闪锌矿开展了电子探针成分分析。结果表明,Fe主要通过直接置换Zn的方式进入闪锌矿,Cd可能通过与Fe耦合置换Zn的方式(Cd^(2+)+Fe^(2+)←→2Zn^(2+))进入闪锌矿,含铜矿石的闪锌矿中可能含有亚显微级黄铜矿包裹体。闪锌矿的Fe、Cd含量和Fe/Zn、Zn/Cd值的变化指示近端内矽卡岩、近端外矽卡岩和远端矽卡岩矿体依次形成,铜硫化物-石英脉、铜铅锌硫化物-石英脉和铅锌硫化物-石英脉矿体依次形成,碳酸盐交代型矿体形成较晚。结合矿床地质和闪锌矿矿物学特征,本文认为铜山岭铜铅锌矿床可能存在两期流体出溶,早期出溶温度较高的含Cu、Pb、Zn流体,引起近端内矽卡岩、近端外矽卡岩、远端矽卡岩、铜硫化物-石英脉和铜铅锌硫化物-石英脉矿化;晚期出溶温度较低的含Pb、Zn流体,导致铅锌硫化物-石英脉型和碳酸盐交代型矿化。Electron microprobe analyses have been conducted on sphalerites in different types of ores to constrain the ore-forming process of the Tongshanling Cu-Pb-Zn deposit in southern Hunan.The results suggest that Fe occurs mainly in form of direct substitution for Zn and Cd occurs probably in form of coupled substitution with Fe for Zn(Cd^(2+)+Fe^(2+)←→2Zn^(2+))in sphalerite lattice,and submicroscopic chalcopyrite inclusions likely exist in the sphalerites of Cu-bearing ores.The variations of Fe,Cd contents and Fe/Zn,Zn/Cd ratios of sphalerites indicate that the proximal endo skarn,proximal exoskarn,and distal skarn orebodies were sequentially formed,the Cu sulfide-quartz vein,Cu-Pb-Zn sulfide-quartz vein,and Pb-Zn sulfide-quartz vein orebodies were sequentially formed,and the carbonate replacement orebodies were formed in the late stage.Based on characteristics of deposit geology and sphalerite mineralogy,it is believed that there could be two episodes of fluids exsolved from granodioritic magma in the Tongshanling Cu-Pb-Zn deposit.The earlier exsolved fluid was a kind of relatively high-temperature Cu-Pb-Zn-bearing one which resulted in the proximal endoskarn,proximal exoskarn,distal skarn,Cu sulfide-quartz vein,and Cu-Pb-Zn sulfide-quartz vein mineralization;while the later exsolved fluid was a kind of relatively low-temperature Pb-Zn-bearing one which resulted in the Pb-Zn sulfide-quartz vein and carbonate replacement mineralization.

关 键 词：闪锌矿 电子探针 矿物化学 矽卡岩铜铅锌矿床 成矿过程 铜山岭 

分 类 号：P574.2[天文地球—矿物学] P575.1[天文地球—地质学]