叶面喷施微肥对无芒雀麦种子生产的影响  

Impact of Foliar Microelement Fertilizer Application on Seed Yield of Bromus inermis

作　　者：石国庆 吉尔尔格 隋晓青[1] 杨静[1] 张勇娟 王鑫尧 刘毅 乌兰 张博[1] SHI Guoqing;JIER Erge;SUI Xiaoqing;YANG Jing;ZHANG Yongjuan;WANG Xinyao;LIU Yi;Wulan;ZHANG Bo(College of Grassland Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology/Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Region,Ministry of Education,Urumqi 830052,China;Urumqi Landscape Engineering Quality Supervision Station(Urumqi Forest and Grass Seedling Station),Urumqi 830092,China;Forestry and Grassland Development Center of New Barag Left Banner,Hulunbuir 021200,China;Wusu City Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Wusu 833300,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业学院/新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室/西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]乌鲁木齐市园林工程质量监督站(乌鲁木齐市林草种苗站),新疆乌鲁木齐830092 [3]新巴尔虎左旗林业和草原事业发展中心,内蒙古呼伦贝尔021200 [4]乌苏市林业和草原局,新疆乌苏833300

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2024年第6期66-76,共11页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部“国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-34)”;第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2022xjkk0401)。

摘　　要：以乌苏1号无芒雀麦为研究对象,在无芒雀麦孕穗期、抽穗期和初花期叶面分别喷施不同浓度的3种微肥(Zn肥、Mn肥和B肥),利用隶属函数综合评价了无芒雀麦种子产量和产量构成因子,最终明确无芒雀麦种子生产适宜的微肥种类、喷施时期和浓度。研究结果表明:孕穗期、抽穗期和初花期喷施3种微肥不同程度地影响了无芒雀麦种子产量和产量构成因子。具体而言,与对照相比,抽穗期喷施0.25%B肥的花序最长(增幅13.89%),抽穗期喷施0.05%B肥的单穗小花数最多(增幅10.84%),孕穗期喷施0.05%Mn肥的单株小穗数最多(增幅23.07%),初花期喷施0.05%Mn肥的单穗种子数(增幅29.50%)、千粒重(增幅17.14%)和种子产量最高(增幅23.42%)。通过隶属函数综合评价筛选出微肥的施肥方案为:无芒雀麦制种田可选择在初花期喷施Mn肥,喷施浓度控制在0.05%时对种子增产效果最为显著。研究结果为无芒雀麦种子生产提供了一定的科学依据和理论指导。This study examined the effect of foliar application of three microelement fertilizers(zinc,Zn;manganese,Mn;and boron,B)at varying concentrations on Bromus inermis cv.Wusu No.1 during the booting,heading,and initial bloom stages.A comprehensive evaluation using subordinative function values was employed to assess seed yield and its components in B.inermis,aiming to identify the optimal microelement fertilizer,application timing,and concentration combination.The results showed that microelement fertilizer application at different growth stages significantly affected seed yield and its components.Notably,compared to the control,spraying 0.25%B solution at the heading stage resulted in the greatest inflorescence length increase(by 13.89%).Applying 0.05%B solution at the heading stage produced the highest number of florets per spike(increased by 10.84%).Foliar applying 0.05%Mn at the booting stage yielded the most spikelets per plant(increased by 23.07%),while the same concentration at the initial bloom stage led to the greatest increases in seeds per spike(increased by 29.50%),thousand-seed weight(increased by 17.14%),and seed yield(increased by 23.42%).Based on the comprehensive evaluation,the optimal fertilization regime was determined to be foliar application of 0.05%Mn fertilizer at the initial bloom stage,demonstrating a significant positive effect on seed yield.These findings provide a scientific foundation for optimizing seed yield practices in B.inermis.

关 键 词：无芒雀麦 微肥 叶面喷施 产量构成因子 种子产量 

分 类 号：S543.8[农业科学—作物学]