切根+施肥对羊草人工草地草产量及其芽库的影响  

The Effect of Root Cutting and Fertilization on the Yield and Bud Bank of Leymus chinensis Artificial Grassland

作　　者：孙世贤[1] 杜华 哈斯巴特尔 李芳[1] 陈翔 镡建国 SUN Shixian;DU Hua;Hasibateer;LI Fang;CHEN Xiang;SHAN Jianguo(Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China;Baotou Forestry and Grassland Workstation,Baotou 014000,China;Forestry and Grassland Workstation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010051,China;Inner Mongolia Pratacultural Technology Innovation Center Co.Ltd,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]包头市林业和草原工作站,内蒙古包头014000 [3]内蒙古自治区林业和草原工作总站,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [4]内蒙古草业技术创新中心有限公司,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2024年第6期77-85,共9页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2022YFDZ0034,2021GG0056,2020GG0077);锡林郭勒盟科技计划项目(202109);内蒙古自治区林业和草原工作站政府购买服务项目(NMGZCS-CF-220179)。

摘　　要：针对旱作羊草人工草地多年利用后羊草产量下降、草地生产力降低等问题,本研究以退化羊草人工草地为研究对象,设置对照(不切根、不施肥)、切根+施肥(切根+尿素、切根+磷酸二铵)处理,研究不同改良措施对羊草功能性状、种群特征、芽库数量以及内源激素的影响。结果表明:切根+尿素和切根+磷酸二铵处理对羊草的功能性状有显著影响,切根+尿素和切根+磷酸二铵处理羊草单株的茎粗、株高、叶宽和叶片数均显著高于对照;其中,切根+尿素处理下羊草茎粗、株高和叶宽最大,分别为1.67 cm、48.55 cm和0.65 cm,较对照提高了60.57%、52.77%和44.50%。切根+施肥处理提高了羊草营养枝高度、生殖枝高度、枝条数和干草产量,切根+尿素处理增幅均最大,其中,切根+尿素处理干草产量达359.00 g/m^(2),增幅达85.24%。切根+磷酸二铵处理显著增加了羊草人工草地的地下芽库数量,羊草芽库达到458个/m^(2),较对照提高129.00%。另外,切根+磷酸二铵管理措施显著提高了羊草根茎中的茉莉酸(JA)和生长素(IAA)含量,羊草根茎中的JA和IAA与芽库数量呈显著的正相关关系。综合表明,切根+施肥是退化羊草人工草地管理的有效措施。In order to solve the problem that the yield decreased and the productivity weakened after years of utilization of dryland Leymus chinensis artificial grassland,this study took the degraded Leymus chinensis artificial grassland as the research object,and set up three treatments:control(no root cutting,no fertilization),root cutting+urea,and root cutting+diammonium phosphate,to study the effects of different improvement measures on functional trait,population characteristics,bud bank number and endogenous hormones of Leymus chinensis.The results showed that cutting root+urea and cutting root+diammonium phosphate treatments had significant effects on the functional traits of Leymus chinensis.Stem diameter,plant height,leaf width and leaf number per plant under treatment of cutting root and fertilization were significantly higher than those under control.Stem diameter,plant height and leaf width were the highest under the treatment of cutting root+urea(1.67 cm,48.55 cm and 0.65 cm,respectively),which were increased by 60.57%,52.77%and 44.50%compared with control.Root cutting and fertilizer treatments increased vegetative branch height,reproductive branch height,shoot number and hay yield of Leymus chinensis.The increase in root cutting and urea treatment increased the highest,with a hay yield of 359.00 g/m2,an increase of 85.24%.The treatment of root cutting and diammonium phosphate significantly increased the number of underground bud banks in the artificial grassland of Leymus chinensis,reaching 458 buds/m2,an increase of 129.00%compared to the control.In addition,the root cutting and diammonium phosphate management measures significantly increased of JA and IAA content in the rhizomes of Leymus chinensis,and there was a significant positive correlation between the JA and IAA content in the rhizomes and the number of bud banks.Overall,root cutting and fertilization management was an effective measure for the management of degraded Leymus chinensis artificial grassland.

关 键 词：切根 施肥 羊草人工草地 芽库 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]