钾肥用量和追肥时期对抗黑胫病红花大金元烟叶化学成分及产量和质量的影响  

Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Dosage and Topdressing Period on Chemical Composition,Yield and Quality of Leaves of Black Shank-Resistant Tobacco Honghuadajinyuan

作　　者：夏玉兰 王德勋[2] 赵园园 范志勇[2] 李娟[2] 王阁 赵志豪 史宏志[1] Xia Yulan;Wang Dexun;Zhao Yuanyuan;Fan Zhiyong;Li Juan;Wang Ge;Zhao Zhihao;Shi Hongzhi(College of Tobacco,Henan Agricultural University/Research Center of Tobacco Agriculture Harm Reduction/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Cultivation in the Tobacco Industry,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China;Yunnan Tobacco Company Dali Prefecture Company,Dali 671000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院/烟草农业减害研究中心/烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,河南郑州450046 [2]云南省烟草公司大理州公司,云南大理671000

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第3期133-140,共8页Crops

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技项目(2022530000241015)。

摘　　要：为探究烤烟新品种抗黑胫病红花大金元配套钾肥施用技术,以抗黑胫病红花大金元为材料,在云南大理设置钾肥用量和追肥时期田间试验,研究了不同处理对烟叶化学成分及产量和质量的影响。结果表明,相比于单次追肥,分次追施钾肥中部叶叶长增加3.2%~5.3%,叶宽增加6.9%~12.0%,钾、钾氯比分别增加8.0%~11.3%和13.6%~22.9%;上部叶叶长增加3.2%~5.9%,叶宽增加9.6%~10.8%,钾、钾氯比分别增加8.8%~12.1%和22.9%~41.3%;并且从经济性状来看,分次追施钾肥产量增加8.1%~14.0%,产值增加12.6%~21.8%,均价增加4.1%~6.9%,中上等烟比例增加4.4%~7.0%。综上,钾肥施用量为217.50 kg/hm^(2),于移栽后30和45 d各追50%处理烟株大田长势好,化学成分协调,感官质量及产量较好。In order to explore the potassium fertilizer application technology of new flue-cured tobacco varieties resistant to black shank,Honghuadajinyuan resistant to black shank disease was used as the material,and a field experiment of potassium fertilizer dosage and topdressing period in Dali,Yunnan province was set up to study the effects of different treatments on the chemical composition,yield and quality of tobacco leaves.The results showed that compared with single topdressing,the leaf length of the middle leaf in fractional topdressing increased by 3.2%-5.3%,the leaf width increased by 6.9%-12.0%,and the potassium and potassium-chlorine ratios increased by 8.0%-11.3%and 13.6%-22.9%,respectively.The upper leaf length increased by 3.2%-5.9%,the leaf width increased by 9.6%-10.8%,and the potassium and potassium-chlorine ratios increased by 8.8%-12.1%and 22.9%-41.3%,respectively.From the perspective of economic characteristics,the yield of topdressed potassium fertilizer increased by 8.1%-14.0%,the output value increased by 12.6%-21.8%,the average price increased by 4.1%-6.9%,and the proportion of medium and upper-grade tobacco increased by 4.4%-7.0%.In summary,the tobacco plant had a good field growth,coordinated chemical composition,and good sensory quality and yield with the treatment of 217.50 kg/ha potassium fertilizer dosage,50%each on applying the 30th and 45th day after transplanting.

关 键 词：抗黑胫病 红花大金元 钾肥用量 追肥时期 化学成分 产量 质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]