氮、磷、钾肥不同配比对粉葛光合特性及产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Different Proportions of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Yield and Quality of Pueraria lobata var.thomsonii

作　　者：欧昆鹏[1] 王学礼[2] 王艳[1] 何明慧 黄廉康 郑德波[1] 林茜[1] Ou Kunpeng;Wang Xueli;Wang Yan;He Minghui;Huang Liankang;Zheng Debo;Lin Qian(Biotechnology Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,Guangxi,China;Agriculture College,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院生物技术研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第3期216-222,共7页Crops

基　　金：广西特色作物试验站项目藤县粉葛试验站(桂TS201431);广西农业科学院基本业务专项(桂农科2021YT091)。

摘　　要：研究氮、磷、钾肥不同配比对粉葛各生育期的光合特性影响,为粉葛科学施肥管理提供理论依据。采用“3414”随机区组设计,分析苗期、块根形成期、块根膨大期及淀粉积累期的相对叶绿素含量(SPAD)、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度、蒸腾速率在不同氮、磷、钾配比施肥下的响应特征,以及不同施肥水平对粉葛产量、淀粉和葛根素含量的影响。结果表明,块根形成期是施肥调控粉葛光合效率的较敏感阶段,减量氮(N_(1)P_(2)K_(2))、正常氮、磷、钾(N_(2)P_(2)K_(2))施肥处理可显著提高粉葛的产量,N_(1)P_(2)K_(2)的淀粉含量(40%)最高,减量钾(N_(2)P_(2)K_(1))和过量钾(N_(2)P_(2)K_(3))处理的葛根素含量较其他处理增幅显著。综上,N_(1)P_(2)K_(2)配施方案能够改善粉葛叶片的光合效率,促进粉葛产量的提高并增加块根淀粉和葛根素含量,相比其他施肥方案更能兼顾其产量及品质的提升。The effects of different proportions of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)on photosynthetic characteristics at different growth stages of Pueraria lobata var.thomsonii was investigated to provide a theoretical basis in scientific fertilization management.In order to investigate the response characteristics of P.lobata var.thomsonii in the seedling stage,root tuber formation stage,root tuber expansion stage,and starch accumulation stage under varying nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizer proportions,as well as the effects of different fertilization levels on the yield,starch,and puerarin contents of P.lobata var.thomsonii,the“3414”randomized block design was employed.The results showed that the root tuber formation stage was a more sensitive stage to regulate the photosynthesis efficiency of fertilizer application.The yield of P.lobata var.thomsonii was significantly raised by the medium amount nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilization treatment(N_(2)P_(2)K_(2))and the low amount nitrogen fertilization treatment(N_(1)P_(2)K_(2)).The content of starch(40%)in low amount nitrogen fertilization treatment(N_(1)P_(2)K_(2))were the highest,puerarin content of P.lobata var.thomsonii were significantly increased in low amount potassium(N_(2)P_(2)K_(1))and high fertilization treatment(N_(2)P_(2)K_(3)).In summary,the N_(1)P_(2)K_(2) combined application scheme could focus more on the yield and quality of P.lobata var.thomsonii.It also enhanced the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves and promoted an increase in P.lobata var.thomsonii yield.Additionally,the combined application of low amount nitrogen fertilization treatment(N_(1)P_(2)K_(2))increased the starch and puerarin contents of root tubers.

关 键 词：粉葛 光合特性 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S567.219[农业科学—中草药栽培]