两种南极鱼类4种组织中微量元素测定与比较  

Determination and comparison of trace element content in four tissues of two Antarctic fish species

作　　者：李雪 翟万营[3] 江守文 吴智超 许强华 LI Xue;ZHAI Wanying;JIANG Shouwen;WU Zhichao;XU Qianghua(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;International Research Center for Marine Biosciences,Ministry of Science and Technology,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]国家海洋生物科学国际联合研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2024年第3期325-333,共9页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2400800);国家自然科学基金项目(41761134050,31572598)。

摘　　要：为探究两种南极鱼类——独角雪冰鱼(Chionodraco hamatus)与伯氏肩孔南极鱼(Trematomus bernacchii)的生理差异,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测比较了鱼体内头肾、中肾、脾与肝4种组织中Cr、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Cd、Hg等9种微量元素的含量。结果发现:独角雪冰鱼头肾中Fe、Mn、Zn、Hg,脾中Cr、Mn、Fe、As、Se、Cd与Hg,肝中Fe、Mn、Zn、As、Cd与Hg的含量显著低于伯氏肩孔南极鱼对应组织中的含量(P<0.05);独角雪冰鱼中肾中Se、Cd与Hg含量显著高于伯氏肩孔南极鱼中肾中的含量(P<0.05)。Fe作为血红蛋白的重要组成部分,在两种鱼类的3种组织中差异显著,独角雪冰鱼的头肾、脾与肝中Fe含量均显著低于伯氏肩孔南极鱼(P<0.05),血红蛋白的缺失限制了独角雪冰鱼3种组织对Fe的吸收。与其他普通纬度海域的海洋鱼类相比,两种南极鱼肝脏中Hg的含量显著偏高,提示南极水域可能已经存在一定程度Hg污染。Chionodraco hamatus and Trematomus bernacchii belong to the same species and have similar living conditions,while C.hamatus lacks hemoglobin and functional red blood cells.To explore the differences of trace elements in four tissues of two Antarctic fish,the contents of nine trace elements including Cr,Mn,Fe,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Cd and Hg were compared by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.The results showed that the contents of Se,Cd and Hg in the mesonephros were significantly higher in C.hamatus than in T.bernacchii.The contents of Fe,Mn,Zn and Hg in pronephros,the contents of Cr,Mn,Fe,As,Se,Cd and Hg in spleen,and Fe,Mn,Zn,As,Cd and Hg in liver were significantly lower in C.hamatus than the corresponding parts of T.bernacchii.Fe,as an important component of hemoglobin,also plays an important role in oxygen transportation,hemoglobin synthesis,and combination with myoglobin for muscle storage of oxygen;Fe content in three tissues was significantly different in both fish species.Fe content in pronephros,spleen,and liver of C.hamatus was significantly lower than that in T.bernacchii,indicating that the lack of hemoglobin limited the absorption of Fe in three tissues of Chionodraco hamatus.In fish,pronephros and spleen play important hematopoietic and immune functions,and mesonephros and liver have the role of treating metabolic waste.The concentrations of these nine trace elements in four tissues of two Antarctic fish were as follows:higher concentrations in mesonephros and spleen of C.hamatus,and higher concentrations in spleen of T.bernacchii.Trace elements can be transported by red blood cells,exist in various ionic forms in the body through redox reactions,and metabolically accumulate in tissues and organs.Differential analysis of tissue trace elements in fish can help explore the physiological differences between two Antarctic fish species,which also provides reference data for the biological research of Antarctic fishery resources in China.As a heavy metal element,Hg can be carried to the Antarctic for a l

关 键 词：独角雪冰鱼 伯氏肩孔南极鱼 微量元素 造血组织 污染 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]