一种林分水平结构多样性新参数及其在北京国家植物园的应用  

A New Index for Monitoring the Horizontal Structural Diversity of Forests and its Application in China National Botanical Garden in Beijing

作　　者：陈明辉 沈庆华 闫帅 卢彦磊 孙猛[1,2] 石青松 温黎彬[5] CHEN Minghui;SHEN Qinghua;YAN Shuai;LU Yanlei;SUN Meng;SHI Qingsong;WEN Libin(China National Botanical Garden,Beijing 100093;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Ex Situ Conservation,Beijing 100093;Longquan Conservation Center of Qianjiangyuan-Baishanzu National Park,Longquan 323714,Zhejiang;Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100091;Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Fenyi 336600,Jiangxi)

机构地区：[1]北京市植物园管理处,北京100093 [2]植物迁地保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100093 [3]钱江源-百山祖国家公园龙泉保护中心,浙江龙泉323714 [4]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091 [5]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心,江西分宜336600

出　　处：《温带林业研究》2024年第2期1-9,共9页Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基　　金：北京市植物园后山林森林质量评价与精准提升技术研究(zx2022013)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究构建了一种基于相邻木关系的林分水平空间结构多样性的新指数,首次全面评价和比较北京国家植物园内典型林分的水平空间结构多样性。【方法】描述林分水平空间结构的4个参数可以分别表达林木及其最近相邻木的格局、大小、树种和竞争等空间结构的多样性。将参数组合,则可以全面描述林分的水平结构多样性。用修正的遗传绝对距离表达林分结构单元类型的均匀性,用林分结构参数组合数与最大类型数的比值表达林分空间结构的复杂性,构造林分水平结构多样性指数(FSDN)。以北京国家植物园两个典型林分为分析对象,以同地区和南方地区的其他人工林为比较林分,采用FSDN指数分析不同结构参数组合类型个数的多少及其占比,评价林分水平空间结构的多样性。【结果】北京国家植物园内两种典型林分虽然在林分类型、树种多少、林分密度等多个方面都有差异,但其水平结构多样性非常相似。同地区的侧柏人工林结构多样性更低,但以等级划分时,其等级和国家植物园两个林分的等级相同,均为中等。【结论】北京国家植物园典型林分类型的水平格局多样性处于中等的水平,这与中国同地区或南方地区的人工林相似。新的水平格局多样性指数由结构种类分布的均匀性和结构的复杂性两部分组成,可量化林分水平不同方面的多样性,也方便综合描述,并明确阐释多样性高低的原因,以及均匀性和复杂性的贡献程度。这将为森林经营,尤其是致力于提升和优化森林结构多样性的经营目标提供更多工具。【Objective】A new index of the horizontal spatial structure diversity of stands based on the relationship between adjacent trees was constructed to evaluate and compare the horizontal spatial structure diversity of typical stands in China National Botanical Garden in Beijing for the first time.【Method】Four parameters describing the horizontal spatial structure of the stand can express the spatial structure diversity of the tree and its nearest neighbors,such as pattern,size,species mingling and competition,respectively.When the parameters are combined,the horizontal structural diversity of the stand can be fully described.The evenness of stand structural unit types was expressed by modified absolute genetic distance,and the complexity of stand spatial structure was expressed by the ratio of the combination number of stand structural parameters to the maximum number of types,were used to construct a horizontal structural diversity index(FSDN).Taking two typical forests in China National Botanical Garden in Beijing as analysis objects,and other plantations in the same region and the southern region were compared.FSDN index was used to analyze the number and proportion of different structural parameter combination types,and the diversity of horizontal spatial structure of the stand was evaluated.【Result】Although the two typical stands in China National Botanical Garden in Beijing are different in stand type,the number of tree species,crowding density,and their horizontal structural diversity were similar.The structural diversity of Platycladus orientalis plantation in the same area is lower,but its rank is the same as that of the two stands in China National Botanical Garden,both of which are medium.【Conclusion】The horizontal pattern diversity of typical stand types in China National Botanical Garden in Beijing is at a medium level,which is similar to that of plantations in the same area or in southern China.The new index,FSDN,consists of the evenness and richness of the structural unit types,which ca

关 键 词：北京国家植物园 林分空间结构 结构复杂性 结构多样性 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]