东北红豆杉在北方沿海地区迁地保护研究  

Conservation of Taxus cuspidata in Northern Coastal Areas

作　　者：刘邦伟 曹蓉芬 汪彦宏 吕少杰 邵凌松 孙中元 LIU Bangwei;CAO Rongfen;WANG Yanhong;LV Shaojie;SHAO Lingsong;SUN Zhongyuan(Forest Resources monitoring and Protection Service Center in Yantai,Yantai 264000,Shandong)

机构地区：[1]烟台市森林资源监测保护服务中心,山东烟台264000

出　　处：《温带林业研究》2024年第2期25-29,44,共6页Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基　　金：烟台市2021年科技发展计划项目(2021MSGY036)。

摘　　要：【目的】本研究旨在分析东北红豆杉在北方沿海地区的迁地适应生长规律,为迁地保护提供支撑。【方法】本研究在烟台沿海防护林体系下设置四种不同立地条件,进行东北红豆杉迁地保护造林试验,分析基本物候规律、保存率、形态指标等。【结果】7年生红豆杉即可开花、结实,平均造林成活率均大于80%,以平原海防林过渡区最高,大于94%。综合苗木质量来看,牟平区酒馆村和莱山区冶头村表现最好,昆嵛山次之,沿海基干林最差。红豆杉在不同立地条件下高生长规律差异明显,其中丘陵区表现最好,连年增长量大于10 cm,沿海基干林带表现最差,出现了负增长。【结论】7年生东北红豆杉可在烟台沿海防护林体系完成整个植物生活史,迁地保护成功。不同立地条件下适应能力有显著差异,东北红豆杉在平原海防林过渡区、丘陵区的迁地效果较好。红豆杉苗木质量与造林地立地条件存在不同程度的关联性,苗木质量与土壤理化性质正相关。红豆杉耐旱不耐涝,海岸带风蚀作用严重影响红豆杉生长。【Objective】This study aimed to analyze the ex situ growth pattern of Taxus cuspidata in the northern coastal areas to provide support for ex situ conservation.【Method】In this study,four different site conditions were set under the coastal shelterbelt system of Yantai,and the afforestation experiment of northeast taxus native place conservation was carried out,in which the basic phenological rules,preservation rate and morphological indexes were analyzed.【Result】Seven-year-old Taxus cuspidata can blossom and bear fruit,and the average survival rate of afforestation is more than 80%,and the transition area of plain coastal defense forest is the highest,more than 94%.In terms of comprehensive seedling quality,Muping District tavern Village and Yetou Village in Laishan District have the best performance,followed by Kunyu mountain,and the coastal base forest was the worst.The high growth law of Taxus cuspidata varies significantly under different site conditions,among which the hilly area performed the best,with the annual growth of more than 10 cm,and the coastal base dry forest belt showed the worst performance,with negative growth.【Conclusion】Seven-year-old Taxus cuspidata can complete the whole plant life history in Yantai and successfully protect it locally.The adaptability is significantly different under different site conditions,and the migration effect of Taxus cuspidata in the transition area and hilly area of plain and coastal forest is better.The quality of seedlings is related with the site conditions of afforestation,and the quality of seedlings is positively correlated with soil physical and chemical properties.Taxus cuspidata to drought and waterlogging,and wind erosion in coastal zone seriously affects the growth of Taxus cuspidata.

关 键 词：东北红豆杉 北方沿海地区 造林 迁地保护 

分 类 号：S791.49[农业科学—林木遗传育种]