4种乡土树种幼苗对酸铝胁迫的响应差异分析  

Differential Analysis of Response to Aluminum Acid Atress of Four Native Tree Species Seedlings

作　　者：钟锡锋 ZHONG Xifeng(Quanzheng Landscaping Co.,Ltd.in Guangdong,Heyuan 517000,Guangdong)

机构地区：[1]广东全正园林绿化有限公司,广东河源517000

出　　处：《温带林业研究》2024年第2期45-51,共7页Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

摘　　要：【目的】酸铝毒害是南方人工林培育中常见的生产性问题。本文旨在探究乡土树种对酸铝胁迫的抗性差异,为人工林高效栽培提供参考。【方法】本试验以红锥、荷木、樟树、火力楠4种南方主要乡土造林树种为研究对象,在人工控制环境条件下,通过水培法,分析了不同酸铝处理下,各树种幼苗生长生理方面的变化。【结果】在pH 5.0、无铝添加处理下,供试树种幼苗均遭受到了酸胁迫伤害,幼苗存活率下降,叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、水分利用效率(WUE)、气孔导度(Gs)降低,蒸腾速率(Tr)、丙二醛(MDA)含量升高,POD、SOD活性增大。在pH 5.0+0.5~1.5 mmol·L^(-1)硫酸铝复合胁迫下,随着铝添加浓度增加,幼苗存活率减小,叶绿素含量、Pn、WUE、Ci降低,MDA含量增大,Gs先下降后上升,POD、SOD活性先增大后减小的趋势。通过主成分分析评价,在无铝添加的酸胁迫下,以荷木的抗性最强,其次为火力楠、樟树、红锥,而在酸铝复合胁迫下,供试4个树种的抗性表现为:火力楠>荷木>红锥>樟树。【结论】相较樟树、红锥,火力楠、荷木抗酸铝毒害能力较强。【Objective】Acid aluminum toxicity is a common productive problem in plantation cultivation in southern China.This study aimed to explore the resistance difference of native tree species to acid and aluminum stress,and provide reference for efficient cultivation of plantations.【Method】In this experiment,four main native afforestation tree species in southern China,such as Castanopsis hystrix,Schima superba,Cinnamomum camphora and Michelia macclurei,were used as the research objects.Under the condition of artificial control environment,the changes of seedling growth physiology of each tree species under different acid aluminum treatments were explored by hydroponic method.【Result】The results showed that under the treatment of pH 5.0 and no aluminum addition,the seedlings of the tested tree species suffered from acid stress,the survival rate of the seedlings decreased,the chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),water use efficiency(WUE)and stomatal conductance(Gs)decreased,the transpiration rate(Tr)and malondialdehyde(MDA)content increased,and the activities of POD and SOD increased.Under the combined stress of pH 5.0+0.5~1.5 mmol·L^(-1) aluminum sulfate,with the increase of aluminum addition concentration,the survival rate of seedlings decreased,chlorophyll content,Pn,WUE and Ci decreased,MDA content increased,Gs decreased first and then increased,and POD and SOD activity increased first and then decreased.Through principal component analysis and evaluation,under the acid stress without aluminum addition,the resistance of Schima superba was the strongest,followed by Michelia macclurei,Cinnamomum camphora and Castanopsis hystrix.Under the combined stress of acid and aluminum,the resistance of the four tree species tested was as follows:Michelia macclurei>Schima superba>Castanopsis hystrix>Cinnamomum camphora.【Conclusion】The study suggests that compared with Cinnamomum camphora and Castanopsis hystrix,Michelia macclurei and Schima superba have stronger resistance to acid and aluminum toxicity

关 键 词：乡土树种 抗性选择 酸铝毒害 主成分分析 适地适树 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]