水土保持遥感应用成效与展望  

Effect and prospect of remote sensing application in soil and water conservation

作　　者：莫沫 Mo Mo

机构地区：[1]水利部水土保持监测中心,北京100055

出　　处：《中国水利》2024年第11期21-25,共5页China Water Resources

基　　金：高分水利遥感应用示范系统(二期)(08-Y30F02-9001-20/22)。

摘　　要：卫星遥感具有全面、准确、快速的特点,在水土保持领域得到广泛应用。近年来,水利部利用多源遥感数据开展了水土流失动态监测、水土保持遥感监管、东北黑土区侵蚀沟调查等工作,全面系统掌握了全国各级行政区的年度水土流失状况及动态变化情况,摸清了人为水土流失监管的薄弱环节并查处了大量违法违规行为,掌握了东北黑土区侵蚀沟数量、分布及变化情况等。随着遥感技术的发展,高光谱遥感、激光雷达、立体测绘卫星等新技术在水土保持遥感监测方面具有良好的应用前景。遥感技术在水土保持领域的创新应用和未来发展前景,必将催生水土保持新质生产力。Satellite remote sensing has been widely applied in the field of soil and water conservation for its comprehensive,accurate,and rapid characteristics.In recent years,the Ministry of Water Resources has utilized multi-source remote sensing data to conduct dynamic monitoring of soil and water loss,remote sensing supervision of soil and water conservation,and investigations of erosion gullies in the Northeast black soil region.These efforts have provided a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the annual soil and water loss situation and its dynamic changes across various administrative regions in China.Additionally,the Ministry has identified weak links in human-induced soil and water loss supervision and addressed numerous violations of laws and regulations.The investigations have also covered the quantity,distribution,and changes in the erosion gullies of the Northeast black soil region.With the advancement of remote sensing technology,new techniques such as hyperspectral remote sensing,LiDAR,and stereoscopic surveying satellites show promising applications in soil and water conservation monitoring.The innovative application and future development prospects of remote sensing technology in this field will definitely foster new quality productive forces in soil and water conservation.

关 键 词：卫星遥感 水土保持 动态监测 遥感监管 新质生产力 

分 类 号：TV[水利工程] S157[农业科学—土壤学]