扩散磁共振成像振荡梯度自旋回波原理及其在脑胶质瘤中的应用进展  

The principle of oscillating gradient spin echo in diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and its application in gliomas

作　　者：陆珏 汪晶 LU Jue;WANG Jing(Department of Radiology,Union hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430022,China;Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging,Wuhan 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院放射科,武汉430022 [2]湖北省分子影像重点实验室,武汉430030

出　　处：《磁共振成像》2024年第6期185-189,共5页Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:82371945)。

摘　　要：脑胶质瘤作为成人最常见的恶性中枢神经系统肿瘤,具有高病死率及侵袭性强的特点。脑胶质瘤的肿瘤分级及遗传表型异质性将影响治疗方案制订及预后,治疗后疗效评估及肿瘤复发早期诊断有助于提高患者生存期。基于振荡梯度自旋回波(oscillating gradient spin echo,OGSE)的扩散MRI是一种新型扩散MRI技术,它通过探测细胞直径、细胞密度、细胞内外体积分数等微结构特征,在脑胶质瘤影像诊断上具有广阔的应用前景。本文就OGSE成像的技术原理、OGSE成像在脑胶质瘤分类分级、分子分型预测、疗效评估、鉴别诊断中的研究进展及OGSE成像的应用现状进行综述,为脑胶质瘤的术前诊断及术后评估提供新思路。Gliomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors in adults with high mortality rate and strong invasiveness.The tumor grading and genetic phenotype heterogeneity of gliomas will affect the formulation of treatment plans and prognosis inference.Post-treatment efficacy evaluation and early diagnosis of tumor recurrence can help improve patient survival.Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging based on oscillatory gradient spin echo(OGSE)is a novel diffusion MRI technique that has broad application prospects in the imaging diagnosis of gliomas by detecting microstructure features,such as cell diameter,cell density,intracellular and extracellular volume fraction.This paper reviewed the technical principles of OGSE imaging,research progress in classification,prediction of molecular type,response evaluation and differential diagnosis of brain glioma and limitations of OGSE imaging applications,providing a new perspective for preoperative diagnosis and postoperative evaluation of glioblastoma.

关 键 词：脑胶质瘤 振荡梯度自旋回波 扩散磁共振成像 磁共振成像 微结构成像 肿瘤分级 分子分型预测 疗效评估 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R730.264[医药卫生—诊断学]