信用连带责任及其在政审制度中的适用研究  

Research on the application of credit joint liability in the political examination system

作　　者：翟相娟[1] ZHAI Xiang-juan

机构地区：[1]华侨大学法学院,福建泉州362021

出　　处：《东南大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期63-71,151,共10页Journal of Southeast University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学一般项目“个人征信行为中‘同意’机制研究”(21YJA820030)成果之一。

摘　　要：信用连带责任产生至今先后经历了工具化、污名化和规范化三个阶段。限制失信被执行人以其财产支付子女入学就读高收费私立学校属于典型的合法信用连带责任,禁止涉疫失信个人三代以内旁系亲属参军、入党、报考公务员及事业单位等属于典型的非法信用连带责任。将家庭成员的失信记录作为政审内容有助于加大个人失信成本、打造信用家庭共同体和提升政务司法系统公信力,但因其可能会剥夺或限制政审对象的入学和就业资格而极易遭到侵犯基本权利的质疑。为了避免发生因过度连带和不当连带引发的侵权事件,在政审中一定要强化信用连带责任适用的规范性:信用连带依据法定化;信用连带范围最小化;被考察的父母失信行为限缩化和类型化;适用信用连带责任的政审领域特定化。The development of credit joint liability has undergone three stages:instrumentalization, stigmatization and standardization. Imposing legitimate credit joint liability on defaulting individuals to pay for their children’s education at elite, high-cost private schools with their assets is a typical instance. Differently, prohibiting the relatives within three generations of the defaulted individual from joining the military, joining the Party, applying for civil service positions or working in public services due to epidemic-related dishonesty represents a typical case of illegal credit joint liability. Incorporating the credit records of family members into political examinations helps increase the personal cost of dishonesty, fosters a cooperative community of trust and enhances the credibility of the administrative and judicial system. However, it may face scrutiny as it could potentially deprive or restrict the educational and employment qualifications of individuals undergoing political examinations. To prevent infringement of basic rights due to excessive or improper joint liability, it is essential to reinforce the normativity of the application of credit joint liability in political examinations. This includes establishing a legal basis for credit joint liability, minimizing its scope, limiting and categorizing the dishonest behaviors of the parents being examined, and specifying the areas in which credit joint liability should be applied.

关 键 词：信用连带责任 政审制度 失信主体 失信行为 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D64[政治法律—法学]