受限空间内水下爆轰燃气射流发展特性  

Development Characteristics of Underwater Detonation Gas Jets in Confined Space

作　　者：徐祗乾 康杨[1] 李宁[1] 黄孝龙[1] 李灿 翁春生[1] XU Zhiqian;KANG Yang;LI Ning;HUANG Xiaoong;LI Can;WENG Chunsheng(National Key Lab of Transient Physics,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学瞬态物理国家重点实验室,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《水下无人系统学报》2024年第3期572-581,共10页Journal of Unmanned Undersea Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(12302438);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20220919).

摘　　要：为探索脉冲爆轰水冲压发动机水下工作时导水器内燃气射流发展特性,利用可燃气体的爆轰在水下受限空间内产生脉动气泡,对爆轰管在圆筒形受限空间内的水下爆轰燃气射流进行了数值仿真与实验验证。基于雷诺时均基本方程组与k-ε两方程模型耦合流体体积气液界面追踪方法的相输运方程建立受限空间中水下单次燃气射流流场流动模型,使用OpenFOAM中的Compressible Inter Foam求解器对受限空间中脉冲爆轰燃气射流进行数值求解。结果表明:受限空间对水下爆轰的前导激波的影响较小,前导激波幅值与自由空间相比变化不大,由爆轰燃气射流所引起的压力扰动大幅升高且持续时间明显增加,受限空间中各处压力显著高于受限空间之外;受限空间中燃气泡的脉动周期延长至60 ms左右,然而受限空间径向尺寸对燃气泡的脉动周期影响较小。可见,受限空间可提高水下爆轰管出口近场压力并延长燃气射流作用时间,研究结果对脉冲爆轰水冲压发动机推力性能提升方法研究具有重要指导作用。To explore the development characteristics of gas jets generated by pulsed detonation water ramjet engines working underwater in water deflectors,numerical simulations and experimental validations were conducted on underwater detonation gas jets generated by detonation tube within a cylindrical confined space by utilizing the detonation of combustible gases to generate pulsating bubbles in the underwater confined space.A flow field model of a single gas jet in an underwater confined space was established based on the Reynolds-averaged equations,the k-εtwo-equation model,and the gas-liquid interface tracking method of the volume of fluid(VOF)coupled with the phase transportation equation.The Compressible Inter Foam solver in OpenFOAM was employed for numerically solving pulsed detonation gas jets in the confined space.The results show that the influence of confined space on the leading shock wave of underwater detonation is slight,and the amplitude of the leading shock wave changes insignificantly compared to that in free underwater space.However,the pressure disturbance caused by the detonation gas jet significantly increases,and its duration is prolonged.Additionally,it leads to a noticeable increase in pressure within the confined space compared to that outside the confined space.The pulsation period of bubbles in the confined space is extended to approximately 60 ms,and the radial dimension of the confined space has little effect on the fluctuation period of the bubbles.Therefore,it can be seen that confined space can increase the near-field pressure at the outlet of the underwater detonation tube and extend the action time of the gas jet.The research results are of important guiding significance for the study of thrust performance improvement methods for pulsed detonation water ramjet engines.

关 键 词：脉冲爆轰水冲压发动机 水下燃气射流 受限空间 气泡脉动 

分 类 号：TJ630.32[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程] U664.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]