PBO/PET复合材料的双原位法制备及其辐射防护性能  

Preparation of PBO/PET Composites by the Dual in Situ Method and Their Radiation Protection Properties

作　　者：吴秉坤 张全平 李佳乐[1,2] 周元林 WU Bingkun;ZHANG Quanping;LI Jiale;ZHOU Yuanlin(State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China;School of Materials and Chemistry,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境友好能源材料国家重点实验室,四川绵阳621010 [2]西南科技大学材料与化学学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《西南科技大学学报》2024年第2期8-15,91,共9页Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology

基　　金：西南科技大学乏燃料后处理科研专项(***)。

摘　　要：以对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和硼酸铅为原料,采用双原位法实现从液相单体直接制备出固体聚酯复合材料。将硼酸铅(PBO)加入乙二醇中加热搅拌,使硼酸铅/乙二醇(PBO/EG)分散液从乳白色悬浮液转变为清澈透明胶体,再将分散液与对苯二甲酸聚合,制备出含有百纳米级新生硼酸铅的聚酯(PBO/PET)复合材料,研究了不同PBO添加量对复合材料热性能、辐射屏蔽性能的影响,并探究了分散液的形成过程和复合材料的结构及物相。结果表明:硼酸铅在乙二醇中以硼酸酯形式存在,并表现出胶体属性;双原位制备过程中硼酸铅结构被乙二醇破坏,然后在聚酯聚合过程中重新生长出结构和形貌完全不同的硼酸铅;硼酸铅对聚酯分子链运动行为有显著影响,可提升结晶度、结晶温度和熔融温度,降低玻璃化转变温度;双原位制备聚酯复合材料表现出优异的中子和γ射线防护性能,当PBO填充质量分数为20%时,对105 keVγ射线衰减系数达到1.876 cm^(2)/g,0.025 eV中子吸收率达到55.5%。双原位法能简化聚酯复合材料的加工步骤,为硼酸盐填料在聚酯基体中的粒径调控和功能聚酯的无副产物绿色制备提供新的技术路径。Through the dual in situ method,solid polyester composite materials were directly prepared from liquid-phase monomers taking terephthalic acid,ethylene glycol,and lead borate as raw materials.By adding lead borate(PBO)to ethylene glycol with heating and stirring,lead borate/ethylene glycol(PBO/EG)dispersion was transformed from a milky white suspension to a clear and transparent colloid.The dispersion was then polymerized with terephthalic acid to prepare a polyester(PBO/PET)composite material containing one hundred nanometer-sized newborn lead borate.We studied the effects of different amounts of PBO addition on the thermal and radiation shielding properties of composite materials and explored the formation process of dispersion and the structure and phase of composite materials.The results indicate that lead borate exists as borate esters in ethylene glycol and exhibits colloidal properties.During the dual in situ process,the structure of lead borate is destroyed by ethylene glycol.Then,it regrows into lead borate with entirely different structures and morphologies during the polyester polymerization process.Lead borate significantly impacts the movement behavior of polyester molecular chains,which can increase crystallinity,crystallization temperature,and melting temperature and reduce glass transition temperature.The dual in situ preparation of polyester composite materials exhibits excellent neutron andγRadiation protection performance.When the filling mass fraction of PBO is 20%,the radiation attenuation coefficient for 105 keVγreaches 1.876 cm^(2)/g,and the neutron absorption rate at 0.025 eV reaches 55.5%.The dual in situ method can simplify the processing steps of polyester composite materials and provide a reference for the particle size control of borate fillers in the polyester matrix and the green preparation of functional polyester without by-products.

关 键 词：双原位法 硼酸铅聚酯复合材料 辐射防护 

分 类 号：TQ340.63[化学工程—化纤工业]