创伤后应激障碍症状对单亲家庭大学生睡眠质量的影响:精神病性体验的中介作用  

Effect of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms on sleep quality of college students from single-parent families:Mediating effect of psychotic-like experiences

作　　者：侯威威 彭兴 鲁小华 何丹妮 周福春[1,2] 王传跃[1,2] HOU Weiwei;PENG Xing;LU Xiaohua;HE Danni;ZHOU Fuchun;WANG Chuanyue(Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders&National Center for Mental Disorders,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Center of Schizophrenia,Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100088,China;Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection,Capital Medical University;School of Public Health,North China University of Science and Technology;School of psychology,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Neuroscience,Tangshan Basic Innovation Team for Brain and Cognitive Function Research;Counseling Center,Beijing Jiaotong University)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安定医院,国家精神疾病医学中心,国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心,精神疾病诊断与治疗北京市重点实验室,北京脑重大疾病研究院精神分裂症研究所,北京100088 [2]首都医科大学人脑保护高精尖创新中心 [3]华北理工大学公共卫生学院 [4]华北理工大学心理与精神卫生学院,唐山市心理健康与认知神经科学重点实验室,唐山市脑与认知功能研究基础创新团队 [5]北京交通大学学生心理素质教育中心

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2024年第7期961-966,共6页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:82171501)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨单亲家庭大学生的创伤后应激障碍症状和睡眠质量的关系以及精神病性体验的中介效应。方法:于2023年3-4月使用方便抽样方法,采用创伤后应激障碍检查表-平民版、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、社区精神病性体验评估量表对1465名单亲家庭大学生进行调查。结果:单亲家庭大学生的创伤后应激障碍、睡眠障碍、精神病性体验的检出率分别为19.7%、19.9%、11.9%,其中10.58%的单亲家庭大学生存在一定程度的PTSD症状,9.15%的单亲家庭大学生存在明显的PTSD症状;离异型和丧偶型单亲家庭大学生在精神病性体验、睡眠质量、创伤后应激障碍的检出率差异不具备统计学意义;单亲家庭大学生的创伤后应激障碍与睡眠质量和精神病性体验及分维度呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01);创伤后应激障碍对精神病性体验和睡眠质量的正向预测显著(β=0.52,0.49;P<0.001),精神病性体验对睡眠质量的正向预测显著(β=0.14,P<0.001);精神病性体验总分及各分维度(迫害观念、奇异体验、知觉异常)在单亲家庭大学生创伤后应激障碍和睡眠质量间存在显著的部分中介作用,中介效应分别占总效应的13.01%、11.61%、9.78%、2.76%。结论:单亲家庭大学生往往面临更多的心理挑战。在单亲家庭大学生群体中,创伤后应激障碍症状和精神病性体验可以正向预测睡眠质量,创伤后应激障碍症状既能直接预测睡眠质量,也能通过精神病性体验的中介作用预测睡眠质量。Objective:To explore the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)symptoms and sleep quality and the mediating effect of psychotic-like experiences in college students from single parent families.Methods:From March to April 2023,1465 single family college students were investigated using the posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian version(PCL-C),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)and Community Psychiatric Experience Assessment Scale(CAPE-P15)by convenience sampling method.Results:The positive detection rates of posttraumatic stress disorder,sleep quality and psychotic-like experiences were 19.7%,19.9%and 11.9%,respectively.10.58%of college students from single-parent families had PTSD symptoms to some extent,and 9.15%of college students from single-parent families had obvious PTSD symptoms.There was no significant difference in PLEs,sleep quality and PTSD between dissociated and widowed college students.The PTSD was positively correlated with sleep quality,PLEs and its dimensions(P<0.01).PTSD positively predicted psychotic-like experiences(β=0.52,P<0.001)and sleep quality(β=0.49,P<0.001),and psychotic-like experiences positively predicted sleep quality(β=0.14,P<0.001).The total score of psychotic-like experiences and its sub-dimensions(persecution perception,strange experience and perceptual abnormality)had significant partial mediating effects on PTSD and sleep quality of college students from single-parent families,and the mediating effects accounted for 13.01%,11.61%,9.78%and 2.76%of the total effects,respectively.Conclusion:College students from single-parent families often face more psychological challenges.In college students from single-parent families,PTSD symptoms and PLEs can significantly positively predict sleep quality.PTSD symptoms can predict sleep quality directly,and can also predict sleep quality through the mediating role of PLEs.

关 键 词：单亲家庭 创伤后应激障碍 精神病性体验 睡眠质量 大学生 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] R749.055[医药卫生—医学心理学]