从“扩展个案法”和“地方知识”发现“地方世界”——法律人类学进路新探  

Discovering the"Local World"from"Extended Case Method"and"Local Knowledge":A New Exploration of the Approach to Legal Anthropology

作　　者：朱晓阳 Zhu Xiaoyang

机构地区：[1]云南大学西南边疆少数民族研究中心,昆明市650091 [2]北京大学社会学系

出　　处：《民族研究》2024年第2期56-69,M0004,共15页Ethno-National Studies

基　　金：教育部高校人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“民族学本体论转向下的中国视角及实践研究”(项目批准号:22JJD840005)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：文章通过梳理“扩展个案法”和“地方知识”所代表的法律人类学不同研究进路,讨论了二者之间的差别和共享领域,以及它们与当代法律人类学经验研究之间的紧张关系,特别是它们与自身所蕴含的“地方世界”指涉之间存在的张力关系。文章讨论了“扩展个案法”的实在论和互动论基础以及其后来被布洛维重新界说之后的反思性科学核心,然后讨论了这种反思性“扩展个案法”与“地方知识”两种进路之间的相似性,以及两种进路在21世纪以来的人类学重回本体论趋势下面临的实践和理论问题,指出从“地方知识”到“地方世界”是一种细微但有意义的立场移动。文章在最后以日常语言视角实在论作为“地方世界”概念的支持,提出一种从“扩展个案法”和“地方知识”发现“地方世界”的新的知识论进路。By sorting out the different research approaches in legal anthropology represented by"extended case method"and"local knowledge",the article discusses the differences and shared areas between the two,as well as their tense relationship with contemporary empirical research in legal anthropology,especially the tension related to the"local world"they each refer to.The article discusses the realistic and interactive foundations of the"extended case method",as well as its reflective scientific core after being redefined by M.Burawoy.It then explores the similarities between this reflective"extended case method"and"local knowledge"approaches,as well as the practical and theoretical issues faced by both approaches in the light of the ontology return in anthropology in this century.It points out that moving from"local knowledge"to"local world"is a subtle but meaningful shift in stance.Finally,supported by the realistic perspective of ordinary language,the article proposes a new epistemological approach to discovering the"local world"from"extended case method"and"local knowledge".

关 键 词：扩展个案法 地方知识 地方世界 法律人类学 日常语言视角 

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