《俺答汗进贡图与表文卷轴》及其价值  

Research on the"Scroll of Altan Khan's Tribute Painting and Vassal Letter"and Its Value

作　　者：乌云毕力格 Oyunbilig Borjigidai

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学民族古典学高等研究院,呼和浩特市010020

出　　处：《民族研究》2024年第2期94-108,M0005,M0006,共17页Ethno-National Studies

基　　金：国家社科冷门绝学团队项目“明代西域多语种文本与国内民族交流史研究”(项目编号:21VJXT017)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：俄罗斯科学院东方文献研究所藏《俺答汗进贡图与表文卷轴》是一幅九米半长的长卷。该卷轴由两部分组成,左半部分是画作,用中国山水画的手法彩色绘制在绢上,内容为俺答汗等蒙古首领的进贡使者马队从今天的呼和浩特出发到达北京紫禁城的情景;右半部分是俺答汗等人进呈明神宗万历皇帝的表文。卷轴制作于明朝万历八年(1580)。其中画作部分,一边描绘明朝北边的山峦、城池、万里长城、坚固堡垒和金碧辉煌的皇城,一边画出蒙古的青山黑水、城池帐幕、佛塔寺庙、板升建筑和放牧游猎人群,中间则安排了穿插于长城以内山水间奔向北京的蒙古贡使骑队的画面。画作成功地体现了“隆庆和议”后蒙汉和睦、国家和平、人们安居乐业的景况,是对“隆庆和议”后政治局势的写照和称颂。本文重点聚焦画作内容的考述,指出其意涵和价值,认为它不失为反映中国各民族交往交流交融史极其生动的文物和文献。The"Scroll of Altan Khan's Tribute Painting and Vassal Letter"preserved in Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences,is a magnificent scroll with nine and a half meters in length.It comprises two parts:on the left side,a painting drawn in the style of traditional Chinese landscape art on silk,depicting the journey of Altan Khan and other Mongolian leaders'tribute envoys from Hohhot to the Forbidden City in Beijing;on the right side,the presentation of a vassal letter by Altan Khan and his cohorts to Emperor Wanli of the Ming Dynasty.Created in the eighth year of Wanli's reign(1580),one side of the scroll vividly illustrates the northern frontier of the Ming Dynasty,with its mountains,cities,the Great Wall,fortified fortresses,and the resplendent imperial city,while the other side portrays the natural beauty of the Mongolian region,including its green mountains,clean rivers,cities,tents,,pagodas,temples,Bansheng板升buildings and hunting crowds.In the middle,it depicts Mongolian tribute caravans traversing within the Great Wall on their journey to Beijing.The painting successfully captures the spirit of the times following the"Longqing Peace Treaty",showcasing the Mongol-Han harmony and peace,the political stability,and the peaceful coexistence of the people.This paper focuses on the interpretation of the painting and points out its historical significance and value,asserting it as a vibrant cultural relic and document reflecting the history of communication,exchanges,and integration among ethnic groups in China.

关 键 词：隆庆和议 俺答汗进贡图 明代 蒙汉关系 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]